Body Images in the Media Essay Example For Students

Self-perceptions in the Media Essay Face the FactBody Images in the Media Mirror reflect on the divider who is the most attractive one of all? Social orders principles for body shape and the significance of magnificence is advanced by different media. The media joins magnificence to images of bliss, love and accomplishment for ladies. Media depicts these pictures as feasible and genuine. Until ladies acknowledge their self-perception, they will keep on estimating themselves against social orders impeccable picture. Media portrayals of self-perception add to social patterns of unfortunate ways of life. Female youngsters figure out how to stress over their appearance since the beginning. Colossal amounts of young ladies between the ages of three and ten have at least one Barbie dolls. On TV youngsters are assaulted with ads indicating tall and dainty ladies advancing eating fewer carbs items and driving a fantasy life. Being presented to various impeccable female pictures drives young ladies attempting to crush their defects into their grown-up life. Parental messages about appearance additionally impactsly affect little youngsters. In the Second Edition of Feminist Issues, Susan A. McDaniel remarks: For the female youngster, to be surveyed as lovely or delightful is the most elevated award, one that normally makes her folks proudTo be pretty is to be endorsed of, loved and compensated. She additionally makes reference to that in outset, females are decided by norms of charm and attractiveness and this movements with age into principles of magnificence and allure. Guardians of infan ts will in general underline appearance more in young ladies than in young men. Self-perception isnt pretty much appearance. What young ladies feel about their bodies is legitimately connected to their confidence and certainty. Numerous magazines which offer to high school young ladies, for example, Sassy, Seventeen, and Cosmopolitan publicize utilizing numerous underweight models and advance items, for example, diet pills and Slim Fast. As youngsters arrive at youth they see that about the entirety of the popular entertainers and models have the ideal picture. A few young ladies will successfully attempt to resemble their move model on T.V. Numerous young ladies in their immaturity years will gain dietary issues such anorexia and bulimia to be wonderful. Due to social impact, what numerous females neglect to acknowledge is that excellence is contained inside. Social impact expands itself into governmental issues too. In March 1997, Doug Young alluded to Deborah Gray as a chunk of b acon. Alluding to the size of her body as a piece of bacon can just lower her confidence and make disappointment towards her self-perception. On the off chance that she were a male, this inconsiderate remark would not have been made. Numerous techniques for weight reduction being utilized today are unsafe to wellbeing. Without precedent for history, the smoking pace of young ladies presently outperforms that of young men, with the enticing inspiration of weight control. This expanded pace of female smokers will build the quantity of ladies who bite the dust of an illness brought about by smoking. Another normal strategy to get in shape is to slim down. This can prompt bulimia and anorexia. Bulimia is described by scenes of abstaining from excessive food intake and gorging, disposing of the food and fat devoured by heaving, just as serious dread of fat and weight gain. Anorexia is described by starvation eating fewer carbs, over the top working out, unfortunate weight and furthermore an extreme dread of fat. Both bulimia and Anorexia can make you extremely sick and can likewise be lethal. At present these pointless techniques are broadly bolstered for the change towards an ideal picture. Media covers their adverse pictures with trademarks that numerous individuals will discover engaging. Medias pictures of ladies negatively affect confidence and subliminally hampers them. There will consistently be somebody progressively wonderful if ladies contrast themselves with the barbaric pictures depicted in media. Ladies should feel associate about what their identity is. You goodness Queen are reasonable Ts valid, yet Snow White is far more attractive than you.

AICD Challenges regarding Corporate Governance-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about the Challenges looked by Australian Institute of Company Directors in regards to its Corporate Governance Practices. Answer: Explanation behind the Case Study Corporate Governance includes a lot of rules, guidelines, methods with which an organization is controlled and directed(Farrar, 2008). Essential extent of corporate administration includes adjusting of enthusiasm of different partners of the organization. Partners of an organization can be inward or outside includes, government lenders, clients, providers, investors, network, etc. Corporate administration gives a structure whereby an organization can meet its targets, undertaking interior controls towards execution estimation and corporate divulgences. The extent of this report is to attempt Corporate Governance audit of Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD), with the end goal that they can meet interests of its stakeholders(Mallin, 2011). As corporate administration point is to see most ideal manners by which partners interests of the association can be met, the report interfaces different motivations to the equivalent. Corporate Governance includes every single circle of the administration in this manner, manages should be applied for directing of a corporate conduct. While there are various consultants, who are in position to direct corporate conduct it can't reflect administration. The Board of Directors is basic in corporate administration for suitable value valuation. Directorate directly affects partners for impacting corporate administration. Individuals from the Board are chosen by investors or selected by different individuals from the Board, with the end goal that they structure a portrayal for the company(Bebchuk, 2009). There are different capacities, which are attempted by the Board for creation of significant choices, they delegates corporate official, conducts profit approach and does official remuneration. Board commitments are route past money related commitments and they regularly need to embrace investor goals for social or natural needs. Consequently, it is the obligation of the Board to apply Good Corporate Governance. Awful Governance can make question on a companys trustworthiness, unwavering quality and commitments to its investors. It likewise makes bigotry towards partners in instances of awful administration. In the event that an organization doesn't make a difference corporate administration then there can be resistant budgetary outcomes, terrible pay bundles also. Then again, great corporate administration makes a positive atmosphere towards the organization Boards and making a straightforward principles and controls. Organizations by and large endeavor to apply most significant levels of corporate administration, for reflecting great corporate citizenship by different undertakings. Along these lines, it is important that all partners interests are met satisfactorily for apply corporate governance(Larcker, 2007). Foundation Purpose and Scope Corporate Governance is frequently engaged by numerous top company just like the essential commitment of their businesses(Adams, 2010). Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD) conclusion is that companys top managerial staff has obligation of setting investors premiums preceding partners premiums. There have been various occurrences where investors premium has been organized over partners premiums. AICD in any case, needs that every one of its partners advantages be met and fulfilled for better open evaluation with respect to its corporate administration endeavors(Brezeanu, 2008). Restrictive Theory is one in which there is no principal qualification between legitimate substance and its proprietor. It suggests that an element doesn't exists independently from its proprietors for bookkeeping reason. Substance Theory is applied with three essential presumption as monetary movement being of business leading being particular from its proprietors. Its essential movement is that an organization can and will be accounted as independently from its proprietors exercises. Venture Theory builds up that there are two conflicting inspiration of business, which is for making benefits, where creation in shortened for reason for cost and making high benefits. Partner Theory is a hypothesis for authoritative administration and business morals that sets up ethics and qualities for overseeing association. Till date the association had been ignoring requirements of different partners and been worried about just needs of its investors. Such perspective can offer meet people's high expectations from current circumstance as well as for what's to come. It may diminish supportability part of the business. There may be generous measures of issues made from ramifications of such difficulties, which may additionally duplicate later on. Reason and extent of this report concerns featuring different issues looked by association in association with its organizing of different investors premiums. While defending partners interests and taking care of their interests is of significance, the association has been disregarding and overlooking the equivalent. In this way, the report features basic suggestions that the association needs to suit so as to conquer specific difficulties that it faces currently(Kang, 2007). Issues and Solution Associations need to endeavor to go to boost partners interests contrasted with those of its investors. Different partners can have numerous clashing interests which has raised a few embarrassments across global organisations(Aguilera, 2007). Instances of Enron, ImClone, Global Crossing, Tyco International and WorldCom have given tremendous experiences with respect to specialists who have featured investors premiums incomparability. Along these lines, hypothesis of corporate administration wins that builds up its matchless quality and furthermore relevance. The following are referenced a few issues that AICD faces and there arrangements, with specific proposals. first Problem: Adjusting of investors premiums against those of partners may prompt budgetary premiums of investors. Expanding money related returns of investors from accounts or different disparities may prompt debasement. Reviewers are additionally made to see investors return, controlling returns of the organization regularly reflecting misfortunes for the equivalent. This, issue can prompt a drawn out issue and raise outer partners worry concerning examining. Accordingly, the principal issue concerns featuring investors hypothesis contrasted with partner hypothesis. Arrangement first Problem: Answer for all issues looked by the present association is adjusting corporate administration systems and featuring interests of stakeholders(Kayode, 2015). Taking care of investors premiums can prompt survey their inclinations which is to augment their profits. Investors premiums can be adjusted by the association, however its aftermaths can be disclosed to the Board of Directors. From that point, talking about the drawn out maintainability of the association appointment of benefits to partners can be endeavored. Concentrating on assignment of benefits will empower working of trust in the association. second Problem: Investor and partner speculations are standardizing hypotheses of corporate social duty. Job of corporate social duty concerns making the right decision. Along these lines, speculations of business morals for making the wisest decision are regularly conflicting to investors and partners hypothesis. The present association won't have the option to apply moral sets of principles inside the association in the event that it can't capable partners hypothesis suitably. Second issue along these lines, frets about utilization of morals inside the association. Arrangement second Problem: Morals is basic to each business, particularly for Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD)(Friedman, 2007). Applying of morals will yield long haul advantages to the matter of the association. A moral implicit rules for the whole association should be created and received by the Board of Directors. Such moral codes will contains standards and provisions for featuring of partners interests. It is basic for an association for pleasing moral codes, which incorporates investors premiums inside those of partners premiums. third Problem: Partners hypothesis attests that directors of an association have obligation towards company investors, people just as electorates who work for the association. Consequently, as indicated by major ideas it is the sole duty of administrators to take care of interests of partners even on the off chance that it decreases the companys gainfulness. It very well may be drawn from the idea that partners need to have a basic task to carry out in dynamic, which isn't the situation as investors premiums are taken consideration off. Arrangement third Problem: Partners interests can suitably be reflected in their thoughts consolidated into dynamic. Board Members needs to receive techniques with the end goal that all partners choices are consolidated into accomplishing of a specific goal of an association. At the point when all partners will pick up thought then a target will be met properly. Suggestions AICD will have the option to conquer its present circumstance and apply corporate administration codes of practices(Young, 2008). In spite of the fact that there may be disagreement regarding partners or investors premiums being of significance. While investors puts resources into organizations for money related returns, it very well may be contended that the will look to amplify their benefits or returns and have their state in business. Be that as it may, for long haul picks up it very well may be said that all partners available resources should be assessed. Coming up next are a few suggestions that can demonstration for the business; AICD needs to build up archived isolation concerning jobs and obligations of investors, the Board of Directors and the board. Explanation of jobs and duty comprehends specific isolation in jobs and execute them as needs be. This stage

How Cognitive Biases Influence How You Think and Act

How Cognitive Biases Influence How You Think and Act Theories Cognitive Psychology Print How Cognitive Biases Influence How You Think and Act By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on November 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 03, 2020 Verywell / Elise Degarmo More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology A cognitive bias is a systematic error in thinking that affects the decisions and judgments that people make. Some of these biases are related to memory. The way you remember an event may be biased for a number of reasons and that in turn can lead to biased thinking and decision-making. Other cognitive biases might be related to problems with attention. Since attention is a limited resource, people have to be selective about what they pay attention to in the world around them. Because of this, subtle biases can creep in and influence the way you see and think about the world. How Do Cognitive Biases Work? A cognitive bias is a type of error in thinking that occurs when people are processing and interpreting information in the world around them. The human  brain  is powerful  but subject to limitations.  Cognitive biases are often a result of your brains attempt to simplify information processing. They are rules of thumb that help you make sense of the world and reach decisions with relative speed. When you are making judgments and decisions about the world around you, you like to think that you are objective, logical, and capable of taking in and evaluating all the information that is available to you. Unfortunately, these biases sometimes trip us up, leading to poor decisions and bad judgments. Causes If you had to think about every possible option when making a decision, it would probably take a lot of time to make even the simplest choice. Because of the sheer complexity of the world around you and the amount of information in the environment, it is necessary sometimes to rely on some mental shortcuts that allow you to act quickly. Cognitive biases can be caused by a number of different things, but it is these mental shortcuts, known as  heuristics, that often play a major contributing role. While they can often be surprisingly accurate, they can also lead to errors in thinking. Social pressures, individual motivations, emotions, and limits on the minds ability to process information can also contribute to these biases. How Heuristics Help You Make Quick Decisions or Biases These biases are not necessarily all bad, however. Psychologists believe that many of these biases serve an adaptive purposeâ€"they allow us to reach decisions quickly. This can be vital if we are facing a dangerous or threatening situation. If you are walking down a dark alley and spot a dark shadow that seems to be following you, a cognitive bias might lead you to assume that it is a mugger and that you need to exit the alley as quickly as possible. The dark shadow may have simply been caused by a flag waving in the breeze, but relying on mental shortcuts can often get you out of the way of danger in situations where decisions need to be made quickly. Types Learn more about a few of the most common types of  cognitive biases that can distort your thinking. Confirmation Bias: This is favoring information that conforms to your existing beliefs and discounting evidence that does not conform.Availability Heuristic: This is placing greater value on information that comes to your mind quickly. You give greater credence to this information and tend to overestimate the probability and likelihood of similar things happening in the future.Halo Effect: Your  overall impression of a person influences how you feel and think about his or her character. This especially applies to physical attractiveness influencing how you rate their other qualities.Self-Serving Bias: This is the tendency to  blame external forces when bad things happen and give yourself credit when good things happen.  When you win a poker hand it is due to your skill at reading the other players and knowing the odds, while when you lose it is due to getting dealt a poor hand.Attentional Bias: This is the  tendency to pay attention to some things while simultaneously ignoring others . When making a decision on which car to buy, you may pay attention to the look and feel of the exterior and interior, but ignore the safety record and gas mileage.Actor-Observer Bias: This is the  tendency to attribute your own actions to external causes  while attributing other peoples behaviors to internal causes. You attribute your high cholesterol level to genetics while you consider others to have a high level due to poor diet and lack of exercise.Functional Fixedness: This is the tendency to see objects as only working in a particular way. If you dont have a hammer, you never consider that a big wrench can also be used to drive a nail into the wall. You may think you dont need thumbtacks because you have no corkboard on which to tack things, but not consider their other uses. This could extend to peoples functions, such as not realizing a personal assistant has skills to be in a leadership role.Anchoring Bias:  This is the tendency to rely too heavily on the very first piece of information you learn. If you learn the average price for a car is a certain value, you will think any amount below that is a good deal, perhaps not searching for better deals. You can use this bias to set the expectations of others by putting the first information on the table for consideration.Misinformation Effect: This is the  tendency for post-event information to interfere with the memory of the original event.  It is easy to have your memory influenced by what you hear about the event from others. Knowledge of this effect has led to a mistrust of eyewitness information.False Consensus Effect:  This is the tendency to overestimate how much other people agree with you.Optimism Bias:  This bias leads you to believe that you are less likely to suffer from misfortune and more likely to attain success than your peers.The Dunning-Kruger Effect: This is when people believe that they are smarter and more capable than they really are when they cant recognize their own incompetence. Cognitive Bias vs. Logical Fallacy People sometimes confuse cognitive biases with logical fallacies, but the two are not the same. A logical fallacy stems from an error in a logical argument, while a cognitive bias is rooted in thought processing errors often arising from problems with memory, attention, attribution, and other mental mistakes.

Essay On Daisy In The Great Gatsby - 763 Words

Daisy, a main character in the book The Great Gatsby is considered a â€Å"exploiterâ€Å". Somebody who is an exploiter marries a â€Å"lover’’ for their wealth so they can leech off their riches. Daisy leeched off Tom and Gatsby’s wealth by abusing their love for her. The color yellow, the color of Daisy’s hair can represent destructive power or death. The color yellow represents death because Daisy led on Gatsby which eventually led to his death , he died chasing his unreachable dream , Daisy. Daisy had previous a relationship with Gatsby , but was lured in the Toms wealth. Toms wealth also made Daisy’s parents approve of him as a suitable husband. Daisy truly did not love Tom , nor did she love Gatsby , but in the book she â€Å"played† them both Daisy†¦show more content†¦Tom , Daisy’s current husband stole her from Gatsby by gaining the acceptance of her parents by giving daisy a 2 million dollar necklace showing off his wealth. This two million dollar necklace exemplifies her want for wealth , she chose money over true love. Her choice of money over love was a bad decision because once they married and there honeymoon was over Tom began to cheat on her. Tom was cheating because he was bored, he was â€Å"one of those men who reach such an acute limited excellence at twenty-one that everything afterword savors of anticlimax.†(6).It is not told in the book that Daisy was aware of what Tom was doing but it can be inferred that she knew from the following quotes. Daisy chose money over love because she didnt have much money or status at the time but if she married Tom she could have everything she ever dreamed of except love. She married Tom to achieve the upper class social status so she could live Bli theful life at the expense of others . â€Å"She married Tom Buchanan without as much as a shiver† (74) to achieve her dream of wealth.This dream of wealth is detrimental to the lives and well being of others, for example after she killed Myrtle it made Nick realize how sick and twisted these people are , this realization made Nick sick â€Å"I was feeling a little sick and wanted to be alone†(142). Tom and Gatsby both were once lovers of daisy who used their wealth to attract her. When you marryShow MoreRelated Daisy Buchanan : The Great Gatsby Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesBehind every great man is a beautiful, charming maiden who holds his heart. What if this woman was not absorbed with taking care of his heart but was completely absorbed with money, reputation, and her own needs. In Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby, Mrs. Daisy Fay Buchanan is the object of affection or the rock of [Gatsbys] world.(99) All Daisys life she has wanted to be noticed, to be heard, and to be loved. However, when everything she has always wanted is being held in her handsRead MoreTom and Daisy in The Great Gatsby Essay831 Words   |  4 Pages Tom and Daisy, they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the mess they made. To what extent do you agree or disagree with these statements? These statements are the only times in the book in which Nick Carraway praises Jay Gatsby or speaks down of Tom, Daisy and Jordan Baker. Throughout the book, he had been trying to keep Daisy and Gatsby apart, soRead More Daisy in The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesDaisy in The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald Throughout the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the character of Daisy Buchanan undergoes many noticeable changes. Daisy is a symbol of wealth and of promises broken. She is a character we grow to feel sorry for but probably should not. Born Daisy Fay in Louisville, Kentucky, Daisy was always the princess in the tower, the golden girl that every man dreamed of possessing. ?She dressed in white, and had a little white roadster, and allRead MoreEssay about Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson of The Great Gatsby1346 Words   |  6 PagesDaisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson of The Great Gatsby    In the novel, The Great Gatsby, the two central women presented are Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson. These two women, although different, have similar personalities. Throughout the novel, there are instances in which the reader feels bad for and dislikes both Daisy and Myrtle. These two women portray that wealth is better than everything else, and they both base their lives on it. Also the novel shows the hardships and difficultiesRead MoreDaisy Buchanans Sardonic Perspective in The Great Gatsby Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesScott Fitzgeralds third book, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald uses his narrator, Nick Carraway as a vital tool to comprehend the purposefulness of this story. Imagine having the story in some other characters point of view, a cynical and more sardonic point of view. Daisy Buchanans point of view would simply all relate to her. If it does not it has no need to be conversed about or it has to change to something about her. Daisys conflict is her love for Ja y Gatsby is hindered because she is marriedRead More Innocence in Daisy Miller, My Antonia, and the Great Gatsby Essay2118 Words   |  9 PagesInnocence in Daisy Miller by Henry James, My Antonia by Willa Cather and the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It is not as easy as it seems to distinguish who is innocent and who is not. Innocence is a cultural concept which is usually confusing. An act that is naà ¯ve and normal in one society can be a public disgrace in another. Then a question comes to mind: What is innocence? Challenging the norms of a society makes a person totally wicked? What spoils or preserves innocence? The word innocenceRead MoreEssay on The Corruption of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby1302 Words   |  6 Pages On April 10, 1925 F. Scott Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby, a novel that would later become one of the best known pieces of classic literature in history. However, at the time of its publication, Gatsby was fairly unpopular ad the reviews were never consistent. As shocking as it may seem, I believe it is because Fitzgerald’s intelligence and creativity levels were way ahead of his time, which is evident when one pays close attention to the themes of the novel. For givenessRead More Symbols, Symbolism, and Metaphor in The Great Gatsby Essay796 Words   |  4 Pages Metaphors and Symbolisms in The Great Gatsby nbsp; In the novel The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses many different metaphors and symbolisms to express his point.nbsp; In this essay the point that I wish to make is how Fitzgerald uses colors to develop image, feelings, and scenery depiction to let the reader feel the emotions and other aspects being portrayed in that particular part in the book.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Like every other essay one must address the major pointsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby is No Love Story Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Gatsby is No Love Story      Ã‚  Ã‚   Many argue that F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby is an example of the great American love story, but it is not. The Great Gatsby is not a tale about perfect love; it is a tale of love and lust corrupting individuals in their lives, and of an American dream that is never fulfilled. Throughout the story, we follow multiple relationships, but focus is on the single relationship between Gatsby and Daisy. This relationship, however, fails toRead More Criticism of Capitalism in The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesCriticism of Capitalism in The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald creates an artificial world where money is the object of everyones desire.   The characters, the setting, and the plot are very deeply submerged in a Capitalism that ends up destroying many of them.   Fitzgeralds criticism of Capitalism can be seen as a move to subtly promote Socialism, an ideology in which value is placed on the inherent value of an object rather than its market value.   In

Online Bullying Is Still Bullying - 1687 Words

Tyler Anzalone Professor Williams Research Paper 29 October 2015 Online Bullying is still Bullying For those who have been affected by the powerful outcomes of bullying, or have family, friends or peers who have been bullied, then it is known that it is a outrageous type of harassment. Bullying comes in all different shapes and sizes. It doesn t matter the type of situation it is still wrong. The issue of bullying has been discussed throughout schools across the nation and most of the time it is only addresses physical, verbal and relational bullying. Cyberbullying is often forgotten, especially if a school is not up to date on all the different types of social media that it can occur on. We learn a lot of about cyberbullying and how all the posts you share are viewed by hundreds of people from Orenstein’s essay in Rereading America. Many schools in the United States have attempted to stop cyberbullying but are having trouble because most parents do not know how much harm their children make on social media. Bullying happens everywhere: wor k places, schools, stores and anywhere that has a immature presence. I believe parents need to be more on top of their children’s social media accounts, and this could prevent most cyberbullying from occurring. In Orenstein’s essay, â€Å"Just Between You, Me and My 622 BFFS† we are pulled in to learn how everything you say on social media can be shared with hundreds of people, and this is one of the main reasons bullying occursShow MoreRelatedIs Bullying A Serious Problem?1176 Words   |  5 PagesHundreds of years bullying has been going on, how long will it finally stop? In the United States Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people, resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year, according to the CDC. For every suicide among young people, there are at least 100 suicide attempts. Over 14 percent of high school students have considered suicide, and almost 7 percent have attempted it. Bullying is a Very serious social matter that needs to stop, Bullying related suicideRead MoreBullying Is The Act Of Aggressive And Unwanted Behavior1351 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is bullying? Bullying is the act of aggressive and unwanted behavior that involves intimidating and/or physically harming another person. Among school age children, bullying involves a power imbalance of the stronger attacking the weaker. Children who are victims of bullying often feel alone and powerless to change their situation. When a child is bullied he can feel isolated, and clinical depression and low self-confidence may develop. As a parent, you may not r ealize that your child is beingRead MoreCyber Bullying1455 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: Bullying Issues 1 Bullying Issues: Cyber bullying vs. Traditional Bulllying Horache Allen Compostion1 Jan 29, 2013 Bullying Issues 2 Bullying Issues: Cyber Bullying vs. Traditional Bullying Are you a victim of cyber bullying? Or were you theRead MoreProtecting Youself and Others from Cyberbullying1835 Words   |  7 Pagesaround the world, come those who seem to make it their lifes mission to bring harm to others through a technological platform. The current state of cyber bullying is the worst it had ever been, because of not only the growth in what people are harassed for online, but because it often extends outside of the electronic world. Inasmuch, cyber bullying has grown so much larger than its ever been, and will probably continue to do so. In the same manner, what the victims are subjected to has been changingRead MoreCyber-bullying Bullying has been happening for generation after generation. Today’s society700 Words   |  3 PagesCyber-bullying Bullying has been happening for generation after generation. Today’s society made possible to bully people without being face to face. This type of bullying is called cyber-bullying. Teenagers uses theirs electronics advices as weapons to attack other people with hurtful things though the use of text messaging or social networking websites. Cyber-bullying can â€Å"damage a person emotionally† (Media). It can also make them have low self-esteem. In our society today, cyber-bullyingRead MoreIs Bullying A Serious Problem?1683 Words   |  7 PagesHistory of the Problem Bullying has been an ongoing problem all over the world for as long as people can remember. Bullying by definition is, to use superior strength or influence to intimidate (someone), typically to force him or her to do what one wants. Bullying is a very serious problem, victims of bullying are more prone to depression. Bullying does not affect just one group, it can happen to anyone making it a prevalent threat to all of society. Approximately 160,000 teens skip school everyRead MoreCyber Bullying Is More Common Than People1393 Words   |  6 Pagesme.† As we have moved into an era that revolves around technology, younger generations become more involved online. People are now connected and exposed in more ways than ever as social media platforms make personal information more accessible. This mantra of sticks and stones hardly applies to the virtual world as cyber bullying rates increase. Due to the increasing rates of cyber bullying related suicides and mass shootings, paren ts are naturally becoming more concerned for their children’s safetyRead MoreThe Necessity of Anti Bullying Laws1381 Words   |  6 PagesBullying can lead to many unwanted, harmful consequences for both the t victim and tbe perpetrator. There are many actions that are considered bullying as well as many different types of bullying, yet bullying laws already in place seem to be only consider specific types of bullying. If more thorough laws were put into place, instances of bullying would decrease to some degree. Therefore, the state or federal government should put bullying prevention laws into place. Bullying can take place inRead MoreBullying and the Internet Technology is and will be constantly changing, because of this cyber1500 Words   |  6 PagesBullying and the Internet Technology is and will be constantly changing, because of this cyber bullying is becoming more of a problem. Some advances in technology like being able to have x-rays, MRI’s have had a positive affect, while others like the cell phone, and social media have not. In about the last 25 years bullying has evolved from being picked on at school to being harassed through things like text messaging, social media, and email. In the past, bullying could happen anywhere like onRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Problem That Affects More Than One Third Of Adolescents1692 Words   |  7 Pagestechnology such as cellphones, and online chatrooms to communicate with friends and social circles. Many adolescents use this growing technology as a bridge between their everyday reality, and virtual reality, and sometimes, use this technology to intimidate and harass other students which is a form of cyberbullying. Jemica Carter and Wilson Feleta, authors of â€Å"Cyberbullying a 21st century health care phenomenon,† define cyberbullying as,â€Å"covert, psychological bullying [conveyed] through electronic mediums’†

Power Theft Detection Free Essays

1. INTRODUCTION The automatic meter reading(AMR) system as become a necessity for most suppliers as deregulation, free customer choice and open market competition occur in the energy supply sector. Power line communication has many new service possibilities on the data transferring via power lines without use extra cables. We will write a custom essay sample on Power Theft Detection or any similar topic only for you Order Now AMR is a very important application in these possibilities due to every user connected each other via modems using power lines. AMR is a technique to facilitate remote readings energy consumption. Improving the electrical power supply to households as a big issue. The government has set a specific goal to raise the distribution rate of electrical power supply, which is now around 70% to 80% to 100%. Power companies are plagued by power theft. PLC will play an important role in placing anti-theft power system. Illegal electricity may be a serious problem in many countries . This problem has been attempted to be resolved by special skills of humans, such as the police special security etc. These method could not give optimum solution due to their impracticalities. Similar essay: Essay About Snatch Theft Meter reading has been applied by humans and some electronics solutions such as optical reading methods, creditable utilization of electrical energy etc. Many chips which can be used for digital energy metering and PLC modems. The problem of illegal usage of electricity must be solved electronically, without any human control. 2. POWER THEFT Electrical power by altering, slowing, resetting, swapping, or disconnecting an electric meter. Theft also may occur by rewiring circuits to avoid an electric meter, or by tapping into another customer’s electrical lines. The fraudster might use devices to program the theft of power only during certain periods of theday or week. A fraudster may rewire their property to illegally use power from cheaper sources of power, or from meters that are billed at lower rates. The fraudster risks electrocution and detection. Field employees of the power company are trained to spot problems that result in persons not being billed for all the electricity they use. Computerized billing systems are designed to detect erratic electricity use Fig No 2. 1 3. PLC installATION. Power meters with PLC  modules will be installed near the top of the power polls. Previously, it was enough to install power meters in high places, not in low places such as the house wall, to prevent users from using power illegally by connecting cables, or by using tampered meters. However, by doing so, the homeowners themselves cannot check how much electricity was used. Therefore, PLC  technology was chosen. Meters installed in high places will send data of the used amount to each household through power lines. Homeowners can then check the amount used on the displays installed in each house. This means that the measurement function and the display function of the meters will be separated. [pic] Fig No3. 1 †¢Ã‚  Power theft is prevented by installing  HD-PLC-mounted power meters on a high position on power polls, while the amount of power used in each household can still be checked Each power meter is connected to an optical fiber network, and information of the amount used by each household is sent to the power companies. If the power companies find that a payment is delinquent, they can remotely stop the power supply by controlling the meters through the optical fiber network. In this way,  HD-PLC  and optical fiber networks enable power companies to prevent power theft, and to grasp the actual amount of power consumed by district or by each household in real time, and also to control the amount of power supply. The waste of power can also be reduced, another big advantage. Furthermore, wide spread use of the power meters with  HD-PLC  modules is expected to reduce regional disparities in information, or the ‘digital divide’. 4 . DETECTION OF ILLEGAL ELECTRICITY USAGE 4. 1 Methods Of Illegal Electricity Usage: In illegal usage, a subscriber illegally use electricity in following ways: 4. 1. 1 Using the mechanical objects: A subscriber can use some mechanical objects to prevent the revolution of a meter, so that disk speed is reduced and the recorded energy is also reduced. 4. 1. 2 Using a fixed magnet: A subscriber can use a fixed magnet to change the electromagnetic field of the current coils. As is well known , the recorded energy proportional to electromagnetic field. 4. 1. 3. Using the external phase before meter terminals: This method gives subscribers free energy without any record. . 1. 4. Switching the energy cables at the meter connector box: In this way ,the current does not pass through the current coil of the meter, so the meter does not record the energy consumption. Although all of the methods explained above may be valid for electromechanical meters, only the last two methods are valid for digital meters. 5. DESCRIPTION ON PLC Most economically viable technology for transfer ring Meter data to DCU. Uses the technique of communicating the data over existing Electrical Lines which carry LT power to the site. PLC is a kind of communication technology, which uses Medium Voltage(MV) and Low Voltage(LV) distribution network as the communication media to implement transmission of data, voice and real time image. The components involved in PLC are the; 1. Power Line Carrier Unit which provides signal transmission and reception. 2. There is a Coupler used for â€Å"clamping† around a live wire thus injecting the communication signals into the power line. 3. PLC modem 5. 1 The monitoring system mainly has the following functions: 1. Remote meter-reading 2. Data acquisition 3. Thread PLC transmissions are synchronized to the zero crossing point of the AC power line. It should be transmitted as close to the zero crossing point i. e. within 200 ? s. Square wave with a max Delay of 100 ? s from the zero crossing point The maximum delay between signal envelope input and 120KHz output bursts is 50 ? s. Therefore, it should be arranged that outputs to the within 50 ? s. 5. 2 CODE TRANSMISSION: A Binary 1 is represented by a 1 ms burst of 120 KHz the zero crossing point and a Binary 0 by the absence of 120 KHz. Therefore only the 1 ms â€Å"envelope† need be applied to their inputs. These 1 millisecond bursts should actually be transmitted three times to coincide with the zero crossing points of all three phases in a three phase distribution system. 6. DIFFERENT COUPLING UNITS. [pic] 7. DEFINITION ON AMR AMR(AUTOMATIC REMOTE READING) automates the process of measurement through digital communication techniques. Bring â€Å"intelligence† into the revenue cycle and manage it: The revenue cycle includes metering, billing operating, customer and the services. 7. 1 ADVANTAGES: 1. Smart automated process instead of manual work. 2. Accurate information from the network load to optimise maintenance and investments . Customized rates and billing dates. 4. Streamlined high bill investigations. 5. Detection of tampering of Meters. 6. Accurate measurement of transmission losses. 7. Better network performance and cost efficiency. 8. Demand and distribution management. 9. More intelligence to business planning 10. Better company credibility. 8. DETECTION AND CONTROL SY STEM The proposed control system for the detection of illegal electricity usage is: [pic] FIG. 8. 1 PLC signaling is only valid over the low voltage -220VAC power lines. The system should be applied to every low-voltage distribution network. The system given in fig 7. 1 belongs only one distribution transformer network and should be repeated for every distribution network. Although the proposed system can be used uniquely, it is better to use it with automatic meter reading system. If the AMR system will be used in any network, the host PLC unit and a PLC modem for every subscriber should be contained in this system. In fig7. 1 the host PLC unit and other PLC modems are named PLC1A,†¦. ,PLCNA and are used for AMR. These units provide communication with each other and send the recorded data in kilowatthour meters to the PLC unit. In order to detect illegal usage of electrical energy, a PLC modem and an energy meter chip for every subscriber are added to an existing AMR system. As given in fig1, PLC1B,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦,PLCNB and energy meter chips belong to the detector. The detector PLC’s and energy meters must be placed at the connection point between distribution main lines and subscriber’s line. 8. 1 ADVANTAGE OF THIS SYSTEM : Most economically viable technology for transferring Meter data to DCU. Uses the technique of communicating the data over existing Electrical Lines which carry LT power to the site. Since the connection point is usually in the air or at underground, it is not suitable for anyone to access, such that its control is easy. It is very economical and is reliable solution when it is compared with the economical loss caused by illegal usage. 8. 2 CONDITIONS FOR THIS DETECTION AND CONTROL: PLC signaling must be in CENELAC standards. CENELAC has formed the standard in which the frequency bands, signaling levels, and procedure are specified. 3-9 khz are restricted for use by electricity suppliers, and 95-148. 5khz are restricted to consumer use. The signal level for the band 95-148. khz is limited as follows. For general use ,the signaling level is limited to 116db µV. 9. DETECTION The recorded data in kilowatt hour meters for every subscriber are sent to host PLC modem via PLC modems which are placed in subscribers locations. On the other hand energy meter chips are located in connection point and read the enrgy in kilowatthours and also send the data to host PLC unit. This proposed detector system as two recorded energy data in host PLC unit, one which comes from the AMR-PLC, and the other which comes from the PLC at the connection points. These two recorded energy data are compared in the host PLC; if there is any difference between two readings an error signal is generated. This means that there is an illegal electricity usage in the network. After that, the subscriber address and error signal are combined and sent to the central control unit. If it is, requested, a contacter may be included to the system at location to turn off the energy automatically, as in the case of illegal usage 10.. ILLEGAL DETECTOR SYSTEM FOR ONE SUBSCRIBER [pic] Fig No 10. 1 11. SYSTEM SIMULATION AND MODELLING OF THE DETECTION SYSTEM OF ILLEGAL ELECTRICITY USAGE FOR ELECTROMECHANICAL KILOWATTHOUR METERS [pic] Figure 11. 1 A host PLC modem, an energy meter chip and its PLC modem, an electromechanical kilowatthour meter and its PLC modem, and an optical reflector sensor system are loaded at the same phase of the power grid. The energy value at the electromechanical kilowatthour meter is converted to digital data using optical reflector sensor. Disk speed of the kilowatthour meter is couted and obtained data is sent to PLC modem as energy value of the kilowatthour meter. At the system model, an illegal load may be connected to the power line before the kilowatthour meter via an S switch. While only a legal load is in the system, two meters are accorded each other to compensate for any error readings. The host PLC unit reads two recorded data coming from metering PLC units. If the S switch is closed ,illegal load is connected to the system. , and therefore two recorded energy values are different from each other. The host PLC unit is generated when it received two different records from the same subscriber. This is the detection of the illegal usage for interested users. In these, the tests, the carrier frequency is selected at 132khz, which is permitted in the CENELAC frequency band. In real application, the AMR system may be designed in all CENELAC bands. The data rate between the host and the other PLC modem is 2400b/s. Data signaling between PLC modems has a protocol which includes a header, address, energy value data, error correction bits, and other serial communication bits such as parity and stop bits. The protocol may also be changed according to the properties of the required system and national power grid architecture. In the digital energy meter system, the recorded energy may be received in the digital form directly using the port of the meter. Therefore, there is no need for an optical reflector system in digital meters. 12. AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED DETECTOR SYSTEM The proposed detector system is the equipment and procedure for controlling more remote stations from a master control station. It includes PLC modems, energy meters, control logics, and the system software . 12. 1 PLC MODEMS: These used for two way communication to and from the host station and the remotely controlled targets. 12. 2 ENERGY METER AND CONTROL LOGIC: Energy meter includes metering chip, and some circuit element. control and logic units compare and generate the error signal in the illegal usage. 12. 3 SYTEM SOFTWARE: Assembler program for the microcontroller and the operating software for the management of the overall system. Operator software may be downloaded from a PC and should be placed in the main center of the system. 13. AN AMR SYSTEM FOR AN ILLEGAL DETECTOR PERFORMS THE FOLLOWING FUNCTONS: 1) 1Every user has two PLC modems; one is for AMR and the other is used to send the data from second energy meter chip to host PLC modem. ) An energy meter must be connected in the connection box between a home line and main power lines. 3) The host PLC unit must be placed in the distribution transformer and the configuration of the addressing format of PLC signaling must be designed carefully. 4. The host PLC modem and its controller must include two addresses per every user: one is the AMR and the other for the energy meter. These two addresses must be selected sequentially. 5. Operating software must designed for the information of every subscriber in every sub power network: subscriber identification number, billing address etc. . The system has two values of energy consumption for every user, so if there is a difference between them an error signal is generated for the illegal user. 7. The proposed equipment is the only one distributed in the power network. So this system should be repeated for all distribution power networks. All host units in each distribution transformer maybe connected only one main center station via phone lines, fibre optic cable or RF links. 14. CONCLUSION A detector system to determine illegal electricity usage via power line communication is designed and proposed. The proposed system is examined in laboratory conditions. Obtained results from this study show that if the AMR and detector system are used together, illegal usage of electricity may detected. The system functions with real-time monitoring users and burden forecast, which uses MVLV PLC as its transmission media. The system is integrated with power management and burden control. Under power theft, the relay is switched off isolating the area of power theft from the EB side . LCD display also indicates power theft. Energy regulation does not epresent an obstacle, since PLC service does not affect the power supply and maintains separate accounts from the core utility business. Once this proposed system is tried in real power lines, the distribution losses can be reduced effectively. 15. REFERENCE [1]Hakki Cavdar, †A solution to remote detection of illegal electricity usage via power line communication†, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery,vol. 19,no. 4,Oct 2004. [2] T. Y. Lim and T. W. Chan, â€Å"Experimenting remote kilowatt hour meter through low voltage power lines at dense housing areas†, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 17, pp708-711,july 2002. [3] J. Newbury and W. Miller,† Multiprotocol routing for automatic remote using power line carrier systems†, IEEE Trans. Power delivery,vol. 16 pp 1-5,Jan 2001. ABSTARCT Power Line Communication (PLC) presents an interesting and economical solution for automatic meter reading (AMR). If an AMR system via PLC is set in a power delivery system, a detection system for illegal electricity usage may be easily added in the existing PLC network. In the detection system, the second digitally energy meter chip is used and the value of energy is stored. The recorded energy is compared with the value at the main kilowatt-hour meter. In the case of difference between two recorded energy data, in error signal is generated and transmitted via PLC network. The detector and control system is proposed. The architecture of the system and their critical components are given. This report describes a prototype of the detector system for illegal electricity usage using the power lines. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am thankful to Prof. Sukumaran P R ,Head of the Department for providing me with the facilities for the seminar. I would also express my sincere gratitude to Mrs. Rajashree Raghavan ,for her guidance and mere cooperation for preparing and presenting the seminar. Above all I thank all the faculties of the EEE Department and my friends for their moral support and encouragement. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION01 2. WHAT IS POWER THEFT? 02 3. How is PLC installed ? 03 4. DETECTION OF ILLEGAL ELECTRICITY USAGE04 5. DESCRIPTION ON PLC:05 6. DETECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM07 7. ILLEGAL DETECTOR SYSTEM FOR ONE SUBSCRIBER:10 8. SYSTEM SIMULATION AND MODELLING OF THE DETECTION SYSTEM OF ILLEGAL ELECTRICITY USAGE FOR ELECTROMECHANICAL KILOWATTHOUR METERS11 9. AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED DETECTOR SYSTEM:13 10. CONCLUSION:15 11. REFERENCE16 How to cite Power Theft Detection, Essay examples

Club Objective in Gym Facility free essay sample

Member Communication Budget Management Department Management Facility Upkeep Club Objective Our mean goal is to identify the skill and competencies that a fitness professional needs in order to be a successful in fitness owner, or department manager. How to operate a successful business in the fitness industry. Teaching them how business concepts, including purchasing, contractual agreements, risk management and negligence, and other fiscal concerns in fitness facility. Identify how to influences consumers and creates fitness services and cooperating with the customers relationship. Mostly using of sales techniques explore the profession as a potential career by using experience on the field internship and with available resources. Some of the objectives in managing gym facilities are. We need to plan what equipment will be more useful in the gym facility for costumers. You need to make sure the costumers feel comfortable in your facilities and everything there is well organize and clean. We need to do things that will attract them more, for them to always come to your facility. We will write a custom essay sample on Club Objective in Gym Facility or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Treating your employees well and your costumers and providing client with good services. Advertising on TV’s, radios and making your cards and available to give it out. Organizing the employees and making sure they doing what are right. Try to listen to your costumers when they bring some ideas of things you need in your gym facilities. You have to help your costumers reach their fitness objectives. The manager works with the membership department to increase monthly goals for new memberships and comes up with ways to better retain current members. We have to spend a lot of time developing personal training to increase its revenue. Interviewing Christian Kettman gym facility she made me know that to get to your goals hire two new trainers 175 clients on contract by the New Year. Education is the secret weapon; all staff must be certified in   and must easily communicate with all clients and staff. The hiring process is most important in the industry it is all about team work and making complete strangers feel comfortable sweating in front of one another. And again to be an owner or reach your objectives sweat, tears and a constant motivation to keep going forward and be passionate about health and fitness by all means.