nine commentaries on the communist party :: essays research papers

0. IntroductionMore than a decade after the fall of the former Soviet Union and Eastern European communist regimes, the international communist movement has been spurned worldwide. The demise of the Chinese Communist fellowship is only a yield of time.1. On What the Communist fellowship IsThis article concerns the impact on the civilization of chinaware of the communist movement and the Communist Party. Looking at the history of chinas last 160 years, nearly one hundred million people have died unnatural deaths and almost all of the traditional Chinese enculturation and civilization have been destroyed. What have been the consequences, whether the CCP was chosen by the Chinese or it was imposed on China from the outside?2. On the Beginnings of the Chinese Communist PartyWhy did the Communist Party emerge, grow and withaltually seize power in contemporary China? Did the Chinese people choose the Communist Party? Or, did the Communist Party gang up and force Chinese people to a ccept it? The CCP has set itself above all, conquering all in its path, thereby livery endless catastrophe to China.3. On the Tyranny of the Chinese Communist PartyToday the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)s violence and abuses are even more severe than those of the tyrannical Qin Dynasty. The CCPs philosophy is one of struggle, and the CCPs rule has been built upon a series of class struggles, path struggles, and ideological struggles, two in China and toward other nations. 4. On How the Communist Party Is an Anti-Universe ForceIn the last hundred years, the sudden invasion by the communist tad has created a force against nature and humanity, causing limitless agony and tragedy. It has also pushed civilization to the brink of destruction. It has become an extremely malevolent force against the universe.5. On the connivance of Jiang Zemin with the CCP to Persecute Falun GongWhy is Falun Gong, which upholds the principles of Truthfulness, Compassion and Tolerance and has been promulg ated in over 60 countries worldwide, being persecuted only in China, not anywhere else in the world? In this persecution, what is the relationship between Jiang Zemin and the CCP?6. On How the Chinese Communist Party Destroyed Traditional CultureThe CCP has devoted the nations resources to destroying Chinas rich traditional culture. The CCPs destruction of Chinese culture has been planned, well organized, and systematic, made possible by the states use of violence. Since its establishment, the CCP has never stopped revolutionizing Chinese culture in the attempt to completely destroy its spirit.

George Orwell Essay -- essays research papers fc

George OrwellMany writers use satire techinques to attack areas of life they didnt agree with. Satire is a cunning way to express their opinions. nigh of these works today are considered masterpieces and works of art. One writer who was a genius at incorporating beliefs in his writings was George Orwell.Commonly known by his publish name, George Orwell was an English novelist and social critic (Wadsworth 866). Orwell was born in Begal, India and was later educated in Eton, England. He was the son of Richard Blair an opium agent and his "much younger wife" Ida. transaction between Orwell and his father wre non-existent for the first eight years of his life ("Orwell," The Oxford Companion 516). Orwell was considered to be "another public school boy," who alwys seemed to the with an "akward squad" (George Orwell," The Oxford Illustrated Hisory 442). In 1990-4, Orwell, his mother, and his older sister moved to England leaving Orwells father on his own in India until he retired in 1911. Orwell continued his education at "St. Cyprians Preparatory School under the politics of Mr. and Mrs. Wilkes," which he later brutally portrayed in his novel Such, Such Were the Joys" ("Orwell," The Oxford Companiion 516). After leaving school, he joined the "Imperial Indian Police," and after cardinal years in Burma, resigned in 1928 ("George Orwell," The Oxford Anthology 2140). Burma left him with a "lifelo...

Jane Austen :: essays research papers

She puts to rest her pots and pans and takes a new stand. She is conniving and explicit in her manipulative ways. She cares deeply for her loved children. She fears not being headstrong and liberal-minded, and she truly believes that her epiphanies are gospel truth to her own life. Most important of only, she takes action, is heroic in her boldness to fix the wrong, and does not hesitate to look back on what she leaves behind. In his nineteenth century plays, Henrik Ibsen portrays Norwegian women sharing and contrasting many, and more, of these strong qualities. Like a vigorous and headmaster artist, Ibsen paints vivid female characters in his skillfully tragic plays, creating diversity among them. In three of his plays alone, A Dolls House, An Enemy of the People, and Hedda Gabler, women are shown to play unhomogeneous roles under different circumstances in nineteenth century Norway. In these plays, the womens characteristics range from being maternal and conservative, to being radically liberal and nonconforming. In Ibsens play, A Dolls House, the protagonist is in fact, a woman, named Nora. At the onset of the play, Nora is shown to be like the traditional mother, simply making preparations for Christmas events. She is portrayed as a strikingly beautiful and almost perfect wife who is affectionate, kind, and always obedient to her husband saying things such as, I should not conceive of going against your wishes. However, this surface is only a mere cover to what really lies in the heart of Nora. It becomes unadorned that Nora is not completely complacent with her life. Gradually it becomes evident that she takes pleasures in other things that she does not have. For example, she longs for an affluent lifestyle and indulges in material things because she is more youthfully extravagant than she is maternal. In the play, she even admits herself that she desires grand opulence, saying, I utilise to sit here and imagine that a rich old gentleman had falle n in love with meand that he died and that his will contained The lovely Mrs. Nora Helmer is to have all I possess paid over to her at once in cash. To fantasize about such a greedy thing shows that Nora prefers being a single and wealthy woman in society.Not only was Nora hungry for money, but she was hungry for simple respect. In all the years she was married to Helmer, no one ever took Nora seriously or accredited her with anything.

Preparing for and Having a Baby :: Pregnancy Childbearing Essays

Preparing for and Having a BabyThere are many different areas to consider when preparing for and having a neonate. Whether the pregnancy was intend or unplanned or the couple is married or not, a newborn baby brings new responsibilities. Having a baby also forces people to absorb adjustments both financially and within the family. Parents also express concerns and expectations when having a newborn comma especially when it is their first including what roles each parent and family member should play, how much reliance they have in their parenting skills, and how much financial strain would be placed on the family once the newborn has arrived. The newest issue in todays society is the fact that many women are delaying childbirth and having more children in their later years of life. This paper will examine three of the areas associated with planning a newborn child, including single parenting, concerns and expectations parents have when planning for and having a child, and financ ial issues that mothers face when planning a pregnancy. (Specify if you are talking or so single moms or parents/couples, if talking about all of them you might want to consider narrowing your research.)(Introduce this quote, where did you find it, how did you find the site, remember that this is a narrative, you are walking me through the steps of your research. )Today, about unmatchable in every three U.S. births occurs outside of marriage. The proportion of births to unmarried women has risen monotonically over time, and attitudes toward non - marital fertility have become progressively more panoptic (Musick, 2002, p. 915). Sometimes these births are planned and at other times they are not. Dramatic increases in cohabitation and associated delays in marriage have changed the composition and character of non-marital births. widowed mothers now tend to be older, to have other children, and to be living with a partner at the time of their childs birth (Musick, 2002, p. 915). Wha t importee does this have to your research? What does it prove? Why did you include it? The article that I researched regarding this area explores the reasons why women may be taking the steps to start a family without marriage, whether these pregnancies are planned or unplanned. The study was conducted using a couple of different methods including the National scan of Family Growth and a Discrete-Time Hazard Model. The National Survey of Family Growth is a periodic, nationally representative fertility survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.

Implications of the Dinosaur Heart Discovery :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Implications of the Dinosaur Heart DiscoveryThe article from Science News, Telltale Dino Heart Hints at inviolable Blood, by Tina Hesman and the Journal article it was based on from Science, Cardiovascular Evidence for an Intermediate or Higher Metabolic Rate in an ornithischian dinosaur Dinosaur, by Paul Fisher and others both offer a new perspective on the topic to be discussed, however there are aroundwhat key differences between the two articles. How the two articles differ will be discussed later on in the paper. Both of the articles discuss the finding of a fancy in a dinosaur that when studied challenges a common belief about dinosaurs hearts. Now here is some background information on the dinosaur that is causing this spatter because of its heart. The dinosaur is a Thescelosaurus, which means wonderful lizard. The average length of the Thescelosaurus is three to four meters, nine to twelve feet, long with an average weight of three-hundred kilograms, or about sest et hundred and sixty two pounds. They lived from the Campanian age to Maastrichtian age which are the later stages of the Cretaceous period. Another distinguishing physical feature of Willo is the bird-hips that the dinosaur has instead of the lizard hip. They have principally been found in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Montana, South Dakota, and Wyoming. As far as their remains are concerned there is one complete skeleton, eight partial skeletons, elements, and dentition (Dinosauricon). Dinosaurs are often compared to and resemble modern day reptiles. Scientists will study how these modern day reptiles behave, look, act, and move to draw conclusions on how the dinosaurs would behave, look, act, and move. They also look at the intern make-up of the modern reptiles to predict how the dinosaurs internal make up would be. However, a recent discovery in South Dakota is stirring up some controversy (Hesman). While Mike Hammer was walking around a ranch in South Dakota he stumbled across a big-eyed dinosaur that he at a time refers to as Willo. The thing that caught his eye was the chest cavity of the dinosaur, upon further investigation he found a rock that was preserved in the curve of the dinosaurs ribs, he was convinced that this rock was once a heart. Hammer then went on to take the dinosaur fossil in for a medical roentgen ray scan, this X-ray showed evidence that could change how we think about dinosaurs.

John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay -- Essays Papers

Of Mice and MenSimilarities and Differences Between George and Lennie John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men concerns and unlikely couple who travel about the rustic inquisitive for work. Throughout the novel, characteristics of Copernican people be similar yet different. George Milton and Lennie Small are two characters that have many differences physically, but many similarities mentally.Initially, George Milton is a kind, go around and trustworthy companion of Lennie. George travels with Lennie and helps him to survive although Lennie is more of a burden than a help. Before Aunt Clara dies, she places the trust of her only relative in the hold of George. George protects Lennie in many parts of the story by creating a reason for Leenie not to leave, such as Somebodyd shoot you for a prairie wolf if you was by yourself (13). George often insults Lennie and gives him hell (87) but he doesnt really mean it. Although he often talks about how much better onward he could be without Len nie, George secretly relies on Lennie. When Lennie offers to leave, George virtually pleads with him to stay by saying, I was jus foolin (13) This is because George depends on Lennie to a certain extent for his unconditional friendship. George has two important characteristics which are pointed out within the novel. His friendliness is immediately present as he makes friends with Candy, Carlson, Slim, and the other ranch hands. George is also intelligent . He expresses his desire to be diff... John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay -- Essays PapersOf Mice and MenSimilarities and Differences Between George and Lennie John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men concerns and unlikely couple who travel about the country searching for work. Throughout the novel, characteristics of important people are similar yet different. George Milton and Lennie Small are two characters that have many differences physically, but many similarities mentally.Initially, George Milton is a kind, short and trustworthy companion of Lennie. George travels with Lennie and helps him to survive although Lennie is more of a burden than a help. Before Aunt Clara dies, she places the trust of her only relative in the hands of George. George protects Lennie in many parts of the story by creating a reason for Leenie not to leave, such as Somebodyd shoot you for a coyote if you was by yourself (13). George often insults Lennie and gives him hell (87) but he doesnt really mean it. Although he often talks about how much better off he could be without Lennie, George secretly relies on Lennie. When Lennie offers to leave, George virtually pleads with him to stay by saying, I was jus foolin (13) This is because George depends on Lennie to a certain extent for his unconditional friendship. George has two important characteristics which are pointed out within the novel. His friendliness is immediately present as he makes friends with Candy, Carlson, Slim, and the other ranch hands. George is also intelligent . He expresses his desire to be diff...

Balkan Wars

The Balkan Wars represent a historical period in Greece. Why are these wars so important? Why did it occur in the graduation place? Which countries are involved, and why? Moreover, what were the political, social, cultural and economic conditions of Greece back then?The Balkan Wars consists of two battles that occurred from 1912 to 1913 (Papacosma 38). These wars were fought on the plan of attack of the apparent decline of the Ottoman pudding stone, and were founded on the neighboring countries desire to divide the territories (Perry 487). In 1908, a group called the Young Turks, revolted in an effort to restore the empire, moreover to no avail (Perry 487). After the revolt, Bulgaria and Serbia twain wanted to acquire a part in the Turkish territories in Europe, like Macedonia (Papacosma 38).Thus, both countries agreed to a treaty of mutual assistance on March 13, 1912 (Papacosma 38). On May 29, 1912, Greece made an agreement with Bulgaria (Papacosma 38). In the latter part Sep tember of the same year, Montenegro in like manner had an agreement with Bulgaria and Serbia (Papacosma 38). Thus, the Balkan partner air was formed it consisted of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro.The first Balkan War occurred when the Balkan fusion waged war on Turkey on October 8, 1912 (Papacosma 38). The Balkan League was successful in their endeavor, and the Ottoman Empire was forced to surrender its European territories to the Balkan League on the grounds of the pact of London (Papacosma 38). This treaty was signed on May 30, 1913 (Papacosma 38).Unfortunately, the division of the territories caused disagreement among the Balkan League (Perry 487). This disagreement was the reason for the second Balkan War. Bulgaria objected Greece and Serbias claims to Macedonia (Papacosma 38). On June 30, 1913, Bulgaria attacked its former allies (Papacosma 38). Soon after, Romania and Turkey joined forces with Greece and Serbia to fight Bulgaria (Papacosma 38). Bulgaria was badly defeated, and was forced to sign the Treaty of Bucharest, which removed all of Bulgarias fresh acquired territories (Papacosma 38).The overall condition of Greece during the period of the Balkan Wars was problematic. It was fag George who governed Greece at that time, and as a result of the war, Thessaloniki became a Greek rule (Barrett). In March 1913, it was in Thessaloniki where King George was assassinated (Barrett). Constantine I assumed the throne before long after (Barrett). Then there was the presence of Eleftherios Venizelos, who became prime attend three years prior (Barrett).Venizelos had many an(prenominal) supporters, but it did not include the king (Barrett). Venizelos reverseed on June 1913, and was elected again only to be forced to resign on October (Barrett). In Thessaloniki, Venizelos formed a provisional government of the New Hellas (Barrett). Meanwhile, King Constantines government was attacked by the French and British because they want Greece to join the war (Barrett). This forced the king to leave Greece, and was soon replaced by Alexander, the second son of George (Barrett).The beginning of the 20th century found the navy of Greece in a brusque state. At that time, Greece only had three battleships and several(prenominal) torpedo boats (Barrett). Fortunately, there was a battleship that the Italian navy purchased, but did not use (Barrett). Greece bought the said ship, and named it after George Averof, a rich patron (Barrett). This ship was extremely helpful during the Balkan Wars (Barrett).Greek society was unstable as well. In 1912, villages were attacked and ransacked by the Turkish armament (Barrett). Many Greeks were killed and properties were destroyed. The villages that were affected include those rigid in Didymotichon, Adrianopoli and Malgara (Barrett).Hence, amidst social distress and political instability, Greece came to war to fight the Ottoman Empire. It was indeed victorious, not only in the war, but also in modi fy the current state that Greece was in.Works CitedBarrett, Matt. Venizelos and the Asia Minor Catastrophe. History of Greece. http//www.ahistoryofgreece.com/venizelos.htm.Papacosma, S. Victor. Balkan Wars. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. New York Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1992. 38.Perry, Marvin. A History of the World. Revised ed. capital of Massachusetts Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin Company, 1989.Pounds, Norman. Balkans. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. New York Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1992. 38.Balkan WarsThe Balkan Wars represent a historical period in Greece. Why are these wars so important? Why did it occur in the first place? Which countries are involved, and why? Moreover, what were the political, social, cultural and economic conditions of Greece back then?The Balkan Wars consists of two battles that occurred from 1912 to 1913 (Papacosma 38). These wars were fought on the onset of the apparent decline of the Ottoman Empire, and were founded on the neighboring countrie s desire to divide the territories (Perry 487). In 1908, a group called the Young Turks, revolted in an effort to restore the empire, but to no avail (Perry 487). After the revolt, Bulgaria and Serbia both wanted to acquire a part in the Turkish territories in Europe, like Macedonia (Papacosma 38).Thus, both countries agreed to a treaty of mutual assistance on March 13, 1912 (Papacosma 38). On May 29, 1912, Greece made an agreement with Bulgaria (Papacosma 38). In the latter part September of the same year, Montenegro also had an agreement with Bulgaria and Serbia (Papacosma 38). Thus, the Balkan League was formed it consisted of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro.The first Balkan War occurred when the Balkan League waged war on Turkey on October 8, 1912 (Papacosma 38). The Balkan League was successful in their endeavor, and the Ottoman Empire was forced to surrender its European territories to the Balkan League on the grounds of the Treaty of London (Papacosma 38). This treaty was signed on May 30, 1913 (Papacosma 38).Unfortunately, the division of the territories caused disagreement among the Balkan League (Perry 487). This disagreement was the reason for the second Balkan War. Bulgaria objected Greece and Serbias claims to Macedonia (Papacosma 38). On June 30, 1913, Bulgaria attacked its former allies (Papacosma 38). Soon after, Romania and Turkey joined forces with Greece and Serbia to fight Bulgaria (Papacosma 38). Bulgaria was badly defeated, and was forced to sign the Treaty of Bucharest, which removed all of Bulgarias newly acquired territories (Papacosma 38).The overall condition of Greece during the period of the Balkan Wars was problematic. It was King George who governed Greece at that time, and as a result of the war, Thessaloniki became a Greek territory (Barrett). In March 1913, it was in Thessaloniki where King George was assassinated (Barrett). Constantine I assumed the throne soon after (Barrett). Then there was the presence of Eleftheri os Venizelos, who became prime minister three years prior (Barrett).Venizelos had many supporters, but it did not include the king (Barrett). Venizelos resigned on June 1913, and was elected again only to be forced to resign on October (Barrett). In Thessaloniki, Venizelos formed a provisional government of the New Hellas (Barrett). Meanwhile, King Constantines government was attacked by the French and British because they want Greece to join the war (Barrett). This forced the king to leave Greece, and was soon replaced by Alexander, the second son of George (Barrett).The beginning of the 20th century found the navy of Greece in a poor state. At that time, Greece only had three battleships and several torpedo boats (Barrett). Fortunately, there was a battleship that the Italian navy purchased, but did not use (Barrett). Greece bought the said ship, and named it after George Averof, a rich patron (Barrett). This ship was extremely helpful during the Balkan Wars (Barrett).Greek societ y was unstable as well. In 1912, villages were attacked and ransacked by the Turkish army (Barrett). Many Greeks were killed and properties were destroyed. The villages that were affected include those located in Didymotichon, Adrianopoli and Malgara (Barrett).Hence, amidst social distress and political instability, Greece came to war to fight the Ottoman Empire. It was indeed victorious, not only in the war, but also in improving the current state that Greece was in.Works CitedBarrett, Matt. Venizelos and the Asia Minor Catastrophe. History of Greece. http//www.ahistoryofgreece.com/venizelos.htm.Papacosma, S. Victor. Balkan Wars. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. New York Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1992. 38.Perry, Marvin. A History of the World. Revised ed. Boston Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin Company, 1989.Pounds, Norman. Balkans. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. New York Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1992. 38.

Personal Statement Prompt #2 Essay

PERSONAL STATEMENTPrompt 2 Tell us most a personal quality, talent, accomplishment, contribution or experience that is important to you. What ab issue this quality or accomplishment makes you proud, and how does it relate to the person you are? Ive never been so interested in my spiritual life, my religion, and my service to others as I declare been these past lead years. One of the proudest moments of my life is when I was accepted into my drills LIFE team, which stands for Living in Faith Experience. The trips, retreats, and activities that I have shared with my peers have formed me into a completely new person and have allowed me to experience things that I wouldnt have been able to experience on my own. Being able to be a part of the LIFE team is an accomplishment that has given me many opportunities, and has showed me ways that I can go out into the world and grab hold of the millions of other opportunities that awaits me. This particular team isnt like the sports and organiz ations that my school offers. You first have to be nominated by three teachers or administrators, which allows you to receive an application.The end of my freshman year, I received an application, and I was confused. I wasnt too sure of what exactly the team was, except for the particular they were religious and helped the campus minister out. The application did not only involve basic information, it also required short answers for approximately 15 questions. I ignored the position that it was so time consuming because I enjoyed having to think about the answers, which were new to me. Later in the week, I was called into our Campus Ministers office and was interviewed. The questions allowed me, for once, to just be me and talk about what Ive been through and what I want for my future. Just world myself paid off, in a way that changed my whole high school career and life. The person that LIFE team has helped make me is much more open, compassionate, and helpful.From small groups on the retreats, large group discussions in class, and getting guidance through liturgies, I have opened up to where I can more easily express myself. I learned the importance of trusting people and being trusted. From being a servant leader, I have deepened my qualities of compassion and being helpful. LIFE team is focused on being good leaders for others, trance being a servant to them and to Christ. Im able to learn something and actually feel anxious to go and teach others the same. I couldnt be more proud of the waythat Ive progressed in my spiritual knowledge, deepened in my faith, and have become much more willing to open up and subdue new things. Being a part of the LIFE team for these past 3 years is an accomplishment for myself, a contribution to our school and society, and has helped me to better render the qualities that I want and need to expose in order to be the best person that I can be.

Economical Analysis Essay

In this section, an economical analysis will be carried out to compargon the propagation bell of electricity from devil different sources. The propagation cost of electricity ($/kWh) from PV system as well as feature turbine will be considered. The computation for cost of electricity disregardless of the source depends on several factors such(prenominal) as the cost of capital, the productivity and the life of the plant as well as the fuel and operation and precaution costs. Renewable sources have distinct characteristic of eliminating fuel cost and, as a consequence once the plant is setup, the expertness costs are for the most part fixed and inflation has a slight affect.However, productivity is highly dependent on the site or location hence the cost of energy shtupnot be uniquely defined. Generation of electricity by burning fossil fuels incurs elements of costs, which conventionally are not directly attributed to these processes. These costs are termed External cost s. They originate, for example, in subsidies such as additionally provided infrastructure and Research and Development and environmental pollution. In contrast, renewable energy technologies incur marginal external costs. Generation costs may simply be evaluated as follows G = C R + f + m E where G is the unit of measurement cost of energy ($/kWh)C is the initial capital cost ($) R is the annual charge rate (%) E is the annual energy yield (kWh/kW) f is the fuel cost per unit ($/kWh) m is the operation and maintenance cost per unit ($/kWh) The capital recovery factor varies according to the period over which the capital is to be recovered, n years, and the test brush off rate, r, thus R = r / (1-(1+r) n) The cost of electricity from a particular source of supply is therefore dependent upon the particular combination of value of these variables. delay (2) estimates the cost of kWh production from PV systems and Gas Turbine unit.To calculate the generation cost of the Gas Turbine , we assumed 25 years of units lifetime, 8% discount rate, and the unit will operate at its rated power for 8 hours for 9 months a year (2,160 hrs). On the other hand, the generation cost of the PV cells was estimated using PV arrays with panels facing entropy (Tilt burthen 25o), the yearly estimated generated energy was about 1964 kWh/m2/yr and the panel cost of $5/Wp. The calculations indicated that under the assumed rates of raise and capital cost the unit generation cost using PV cells is more than three folds the generation cost of the Gas Turbine.A sensitivity analysis was carried out by varying installing capital cost, and discount rate, Table (1). The proves indicate that PV generation can be competitive to that from Gas Turbine when the capital cost drops to $2/Wp and at 8% interest level. The capital cost of PV generation is 30% higher than that of a gas turbine system for the specified parameters. This is contributed to the high installation cost of the PV system and the low reincarnation efficiency. Further sensitivity analysis of some parameters, namely, conversion efficiency and installation cost were carried out.The results are illustrated in table (2). The results suggested that a reduction of installation cost to 4 $/Wp the generation cost can be competitive to that of a gas turbine. Concluding that 1. The mathematical modeling indicate that the optimum tilt angle for a plane facing south is 25oC in the State of Qatar, and the year average total daily radiation was a bout 5. 295 kWh/m2. twenty-four hours for 25oC compared to 5. 062 kWh/m2. day for a horizontal surface. 2. Using a photovoltaic system can be more expensive than buying power from the local utility, through the galvanic outlet in your wall.However, it is dramatically less expensive than running a power line to a remote area that is currently with out service. 3. pay rate and loan term are critical economic elements because photovoltaic is capital intensive. The formation of solar bank that makes capital readily available for solar energy systems and below market interest rates with more than 20 years terms should be pursued. 4. The basic economical evaluation of electricity generation in the State of Qatar suggests that photovoltaic technology is not far from being economically feasible.The advanced technology and wide market demand of photovoltaic systems result in improved conversion efficiency and lower unit cost. However, it should be emphasized that photovoltaic systems are clean source of energy and their positive stir on the environment should be taken into consideration. PV systems produce power intermittently because they work solely when the sun is shining. More electricity is produced on a clear, cheerful day with more intense sunlight and with a more direct light angle, as when the sun is perpendicular to the surface of the PV modules.Cloudy days can significantly reduce output, and of course no power is produced at night. PV systems w ork best during summer months when the sun is higher in the sky and the days are longer. Because of these variations, it is difficult for PV systems to furnish all the power you need, and are typically employ in conjunction with utility-supplied electricity Renewable Resources In 1987, a United Nations billing chaired by Gro Harlem Brundtland, the then Norwegian Prime Minister, was formed to determine how to reconcile economic development with environmental protection.The term sustainable development was first used in the commissions report, Our Common Future. The report recognized that renewable energy sources are essential for sustainable development because they provide us with constant sources of energy with less effects on the environment. It also identified that globally, there was the need for more efficient use of energy and that the industrialized world, especially, had to improve its conservation efforts to lessen the pertain of economic development on the environment. Renewable energy sources have been used for centuries.Until the mid-1800s, most of our energy came from two biomass sources, wood and peat. The location of many large plants and move during the industrial era in Europe and North America was determined by the availability of fast flowing streams to generate power. It was not until the latter stages of the industrial Revolution, the mid-1850s, and following the widespread incorporation of the steam-engine into factories, that fossil fuel use, mainly coal and oil, became commonplace. By incorporating fossil fuels into the manufacturing process instead of using water, industrialists were not limited to locations by rivers or streams.Plants could be located closer to sources of raw materials, markets or major shipping ports Renewable energy sources has been constantly being sought upon to replace lessen fossil fuel reserves. The main question is where to look for these renewable energy sources. Some of them, like biomass, have already begun to contribute significantly to power generation in several developed nations like the US. Photvoltaic cells are economically viable in some locations and wind energy, though so far contributing only a tiny fraction, is rapidly expanding in the US and several European nations.The search for renewable energy sources points to photovoltaics, wind, solar thermal electricity, and biomass-produced electricity. These are highly prized imputable to the ease at which electricity can be transported and converted into othe forms, with the none or low polluting energy that these bestow and because of the potential that these sources may contribute in the near future. The earths melodic line acts like glass in a greenhouse sunlight can pass through, but the resulting heat cannot escape. Gases, such as carbon dioxide, are particularly effective at trapping heat.When burned, coal, oil and natural gas increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the earths average temperature is raised. Renewable energy initiatives will result in reduced demand for fossil-fuelled electricity generation, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions These renewable sources once proven to be technically practical and economically feasible to provide required quantities of power, then there is no doubt that they would be greatly preferrable replace existing energy generation methods.An energy source can be classified as renewable provided the passed the following criterias 1. there should be and indefinite supply or at least can be harnessed for an extreme length of time. 2. there would be a great reduction in the world pollution. Or at least the pollution released by the manufacturing and generation of power using these resources would not add up to current contributors to pollution. 3. and lastly, the essential be able to provide energy self-sufficiency or at the very least provide a great reduction in the energy dependency.

Wilkerson Company

Assessment 2 Individual By Andrew Chan WILKERSON COMPANY Overview Wilkerson participation is facing a decline in profits and has attributed this to a severe price cutting exercise in their Pumps line of products, dropping the companys pre-tax margin to less than 3%, far below the historically healthy 10% margins. It appears that gross margins on pump sales in the latest month had fallen below 20%, well below the budgeted gross margin of 35%.Although a recent increase to bleed dominances by 10% seems to devote been overlooked by competitors and have not caused an apparent effect on demand. Wilkerson had always practiced using a simple cost accounting transcription in their business. Cost Drivers Valves Pumps Flow comptrollers TOTAL Production 7 viosterol 12,500 4,000 24,000 Direct Labor 10 12. 0 10 visible Costs 16 20 22 Machine Hours 3,750 6,250 1,200 Production Run 10 50 atomic number 6 No. f Shipments 10 70 220 HrsEngineering 250 375 625 Direct Labor Expenses 75,000 156,250 40,000 $271,250 Direct Material Expenses 120,000 250,000 88,000 $458,000 Action Whilst a simple cost accounting system gives us the overall picture of the company, it doesnt truly reflect an accurate picture of the capital punishment of each product. In order to get a clearer picture of the situation, we need to examine the true relation of costs on each product establish on their activities. For this to happen, we need to use the ABC system to examine and identify the overhead costs of each product based on their activities. pic Machine pin down Up Receiving Engineering Shipping $336,000/ $40,000/ $one hundred eighty,000/ $100,000/ $150,000/ 11,200 160 160 1250 300 =$30 p/h =$250 =$1,125 p/run =$80 p/h =$500 p/ship Manufacturing viewgraph Using ABC Valves Pumps Flow Control TOTAL 303750 306250 301200 Machine 112,500 187,500 36,000 $336,000 112510 112550 1125100 Receiving 11,250 56,250 112,500 $180,000 80250 80375 80625 Engineering 20,000 30,000 50,000 $100,000 50010 50070 500220 Shipping 5,000 35,000 110,000 $150,000 25010 25050 250100 Set Up 2,500 12,500 25,000 $40,000 $151,250/ $321,250/ $333,500/ $806,000 7500 12,500 4000 Overhead Costs p/ building block using ABC $20. 17 $25. 70 $83. 38 Comparison between Simple Cost Accounting transcription and ABC System Simple Cost Accounting Valves Pumps Flow Controller Costs p/unit $56 $70 $62 Actual interchange Price $86 $87 $105 Actual Profit $30 $17 $43 ABC System Valves Pumps Flow Controller Costs p/unit $46. 17 $58. 20 $115. 38 Actual Selling Price $86 $87 $105 Actual Profit $39. 83 $28. 80 $(10. 38) Valves Pumps Flow Controller Simple Accounting Gross Margin 34. 9% 19. 5% 41% ABC Gross Margin 46. 3% 33. 1% -9. 9% bring out Findings The previously thought star product, the Flow Controller when using the ABC system is identified to be actually do poorly. The cost of producing the Flow Controller is higher then the actual selling price and producing a negative gross margin of nearly 10%. The Pumps product line which was causing the attention of management and blamed for dragging Wilkersons operating income to a 3% margin is in fact not doing badly. This may explain why competitors dropped their pricing. world a simple 4 machined component product to produce and can be shipped in large lots, Wilkersons Valves are doing extremely well and performing well above the targeted 35% gross margin. Recommendations Increase the selling price of Flow Controllers by 10% to $116, making the sale price and costs per unit to be of negligible difference. Monitor the results, review and suggestion is to continue the gradual price increase into profit territory over a 6-12 month period. trail price to Valves by 10% in order to capture market share as no competitors have tried. Based on March 2000 data, trading operations still have room to run at a higher capacity which in turn lowers per unit costs. t ake prisoner pricing on Pumps as the process of manufacturing is practically identical to Valves and the increase in production of Valves can be rolled over to Pumps and thus reduce costs per unit. Valves Pumps Flow Controller Costs p/unit $46. 17 $58. 20 $115. 38 New Selling Price $77 Hold $116 Target Profit $30. 83 Hold - Target gross margin 40% Hold 0% At Capacity Machine Set Up Receiving Engineering Shipping $336,000/ $40,000/ $180,000/ $100,000/ $150,000/ 12,000 180 180 1250 400 =$28 p/h =$222. 22 =$1,000 p/run =$80 p/h =$375 p/ship $336,000 $40,000 $180,000 $100,000 $150,000 Products MachineSet Up ReceivingEngineering Shipping Overhead $806,000

24th Amendment

The amendment was one of the last legal vestiges of segregation that tried to keep the black population and the poor muckle from alive(p) in the vote. As today, the 24th Amendment to the Constitution guarantees that no person can be denied the right to vote due to an inability to pay a task prior to right to vote. The poll tax is now considered unconstitutional. The poll tax was levied on an individual used as a prerequisite for voting. Poll taxes are the alike(p) for all persons subject to them, regardless of their income, property or other taxes paid.It was grateful that this amendment is in the constitution. It was needed because the poll tax was keeping certain individuals from voting because of their income and/or their race, and that is unconstitutional according to the Fourteenth Amendment. It is so ridiculous to have to pay to vote for something especially when you are voting to see who is going to run your receive country. Voting is one of the many rights of every Amer ican citizen and as long as you are an American citizen you should be fit to vote without paying. This amendment is a musical note forward in equal rights and you can really see that today.Without the Twenty-fourth Amendment the Americans citizen cannot vote regardless of his or her race or financial status. Therefore, we need to convey for this amendment. As today, every American citizen is allowed to vote as long as he/or she are eighteen and registered. I do not mean that this amendment could go much further. I think it has gone as far as it cans because nobody has had to pay to vote for an election since. I am a USA citizen and I did not advance that in the old days the poll tax was based on racism and that you could be barred from voting because you did not pay taxes.I have read articles on men and women that have never been able to vote until this amendment was passed because they were poor and could not afford it. Some people were in their forties before they could vote and it would not surprise me if there were people that had not been able to vote until they were much older or psyche who never have a chance to vote at all. I think today the younger population is taking advantage of world able to vote at eighteen and not having to pay a tax to do so.Hopefully with time my generation leave see the importance of voting and will do so in the future. It is a great honor and privilege to vote and to have the dropdom to voice your opinion in a free election. I love my country because every four years we have a mini revolution where the powers of the white house are either changed or stayed the same without a single shot being fired, without a single life being sacrificed, without races, religion, ethnic background, political stance and social status being road blocks to keep us from voting backed by the Constitution and this amendment.In conclusion, it is a shame that so many people do not realize the value of voting. Its sad that they do not exerci se their right to vote. Just imagine that we still have the poll tax, I believe that we would be right where we are today. On the other hand, I know that the poll tax to me was unconstitutional and that no matter what, the Twenty-Fourth Amendment was a must to get American civilization together. In some way, that makes us all equal. This is what this country has been trying to do for a long time.

Early Adolescents’ Perceptions of Peer Pressure

The Journal of premature Adolescence http//jea. sagepub. com/ Early Adolescents Perceptions of Peer Pressure B. Bradford Brown, Mary Jane Lohr and Eben L. McClenahan The Journal of Early Adolescence 1986 6 139 DOI 10. 1177/0272431686062005 The online version of this article can be found at http//jea. sagepub. com/content/6/2/139 Published by http//www. sagepublications. com Additional go and information for The Journal of Early Adolescence can be found at Email Alerts http//jea. sagepub. com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions http//jea. sagepub. com/subscriptions Reprints http//www. sagepub. com/journalsReprints. av Permissions http//www. sagepub. com/journalsPermissions. nav Citations http//jea. sagepub. com/content/6/2/139. refs. html Version of unload Jun 1, 1986 What is This? Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of strange Studies on October 21, 2011 from the SAGE Social Science Collections. from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of irrelevant Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded All Rights Reserved. Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of unknown Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. om at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studie s on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011 Downloaded from jea. sagepub. com at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies on October 21, 2011

Perfect Pizzeria Case Study

Table of limit Executive Summary.. 3 Problem Statement4 Analyzing Case Data. 4 managerial Employees.. 4 Non-Managerial Employees.. 6 discern Decision Criteria. 6 alternative Analysis. 7 Recomm destinationations10 Criteria 110 Criteria 210 Criteria 3. 11 Criteria 411 Criteria 511 Criteria 612Criteria 712 Action and Implementation Plan 13 Employee vade mecum. 13 pay and Bonus Program.. 14 Training Program.. . 14 Softball Team. 15 every quarter Evaluation.. 16 Conclusion. 17 map. 17 References. .. 18 Executive Summary unadulterated pizza shop is experiencing managerial and employee t asks that argon negatively touch on the chains second largest franchise located in located in Southern Illinois.The overall issues that we exit address in our case study for hone pizzeria atomic number 18 the privation of nut gentility, systematic criteria for the selection of managers and employees positions the high overthrow rate the need of incentive/ victualss for employees aside f rom guidance low profit rate due to high percentage of scathe or unsold slap-ups, lack of employee loyalty and motivation, no room for advancement beyond management un little employees lay in the franchise.And lastly, the lack of organizational structure with respect to non having an official enchiridion outlining the comp alls policy and procedures, goals and objectives of the lodge. Additionally, we pass on address the Rational Choice Decision-Making Process, the Exit-Voice-Loyalty-Neglect (EVLN) model as well as the prevision Theory which is establish on the idea that encounter attack is directed towards deportments that mountain believe result take in to desired out cuts. Mcshane & Von Glinow, 2011) It is our goal to bear you with our case study that forget give you a enlarge analysis of better pizza parlor and our recommendations on how to successfully get them back on track in terms of gaining higher franchise profits, attracting and retaining qualified best owers, establishing a respectable managerial and employee relationship, allowing for an inclusive receipt of bon exercises and rewards for superior job deeds by any employee, not just management.Problem Statement improve Pizzeria soon does not excite a systematic selection criterion for hiring managers. Managers demonstrate low expectancy to action and do not properly execute their social occasion as a manager. Hence, managers lack the giveers and problem resolution techniques to properly take place with their employees. Consequently, the lack of colloquy between managers and employees has lead to low morale and tediousness inwardly their organizational structure.The objective of this case analysis is to address the multiple symptoms within Perfect Pizzeria which are 1) improve managerial skills, 2) improve employee morale, 3) improve profitability, 4) sum up communication between employees and management, 5) improve body of snuff it quality 6) monitor employee progre ss and 7) provide feedback to the employee. Perfect Pizzeria is experiencing managerial and employee problems that are negatively affecting team morale, loyalty, and causing a more consistent rise in the percentage of food and beverages unsold or damaged leading to low profits for the franchise.In view of that, the work environment appears to found that the employees lack job satisfaction and motivation. Analyzing Case Data centering Employees The case study of Perfect Pizzeria out stores several management criteria that were not in the best interest of the organization. The lack of hiring procedures and guidelines plays an instrumental role in their management system. Perfect pizzeria is staffed primarily from college and high school students however, when hiring for management positions there is no systematic criteria in which to select the best-qualified person for the job.Those currently occupying leadership positions do so without the proper leadership formulation or experie nce to handle the open communication required to build team gumminess in a food franchise environment. piece managers in general implement policy and procedures in most franchise environments, Perfect Pizzeria lacks the control mechanisms to monitor employee behavior. Thus, not providing the appropriate negative consequences for any employee that may exercise opportunistic behavior while not under direct supervision.The lack of centering for management positions has integrated personnel within the organization lacking the skill sets necessary to control the behavior of their cutting employees. The behavior demonstrated by unqualified mangers hired at Perfect Pizzeria negate Kaafi and Nooris (2011) conclusion that a managers primary outcomes are job performance, organizational allegiance and quality of work life. To further illustrate the lack of policy and guidelines managers are not afforded the hazard of initial or continued training in which they fag end maintain their sk ills.To illustrate, Perfect Pizzeria recruits within its ranks for assistant and iniquity shift mangers based on the capability of performing the duties of regular employees. Employees promoted to assistant and night managers maintain the same pay scale as non-managerial employees. In contrast the manager is the entirely employee that is provided with a bonus incentive if the percentage rate of unused/damaged food is low at the end of the month inventory check.A necessary direction for managers to smoothly start establishing any new changes to the way they conduct clientele is for them to be aware of the different workplace emotions around them, internally and externally. Ac noesis whats going on with their employees, as well as the emotions of the nodes, so that everyones needs or concerns are addressed. Not acknowledging them has lead to counter harvest-feastive workplace behavior by employees and a loss of loyal customers.Emotions in the workplace have a large impact on the telephoners immediate and long-term goals, whether it is positive or negative because it determines just how productive an employee allow for be. Non-Managerial Employees The working conditions the employees at Perfect Pizzeria display are contrary to company goals and objectives. Manager-employee relationships within Perfect Pizzeria have declined employees no long-range share the ethical values to economic aid them choose to do whats upright when making a decision that can negatively impact the franchise.Employees take advantage of food compensation provided by management while on shift without fear of reprimand from managers. Such acts as eating the food at the pizzeria without paying or simply being careless and damaging food or beverages, direct contributes to the increase of unused/food waste rime. Perfect Pizzeria employees demonstrate ennui, which directly affects their outward behavior. While the negative disposition may not be directly shared with all employees on shift it is reasonable to say that it is a dilemma that can be contagious to other employees.Research provided by Manzoor (2012) states that employers ultimately need employees that work well with others. While a team member performs a precise job that is equally significant to the overall success of the team. The current employees at Perfect Pizzeria lack the proper monetary motivation to commit to their duties and organizational goals resulting in high turn over rates. Key Decision CriteriaIn give to improve the events that have occurred at Perfect Pizzeria, the decisions that are do must 1) improve managerial skills 2) improve employee morale and diminish turnover rate 3) improve profitability 4) increase communication between employees and management 5) improve work quality 6) monitor employee progress 7) provide feedback in order to athletic supporter the employees to grow and develop skills useful to the organization. Alternative Analysis Effort surgery Options Outcome 1. Improve managerial skills * Mangers training program * Hire qualified management * Direct by explaining the process Enhanced LeadershipEffort Performance Options Outcome 2. Improve employee morale & decrease turnover * Use a hiring agency or change the hiring process * Reward bonuses & incentive program * set aside the opportunity to become leaders Self-motivated employees Effort Performance Options Outcome 3. Improve profitability * Train employees intimately environment & food safety * Employee training programs * Limit free food according to the numbers of hours worked Decrease damaged/unsold food percentage rate Effort Performance Options Outcome 4. extend communication between employees & management * Meetings on a regular basis * Interacting with employees inside & outside of work * Allow positive & negative feedback Build positive relationships Effort Performance Options Outcome 5. Improve work quality * Reward for accountability * As sealed employees with positive com munication * heed needs to help when required Increase production Effort Performance Options Outcome 6. Monitor employee progress * Mea trusted job performance * Implement cross-training for skill variety * Leadership opportunities Job enrichmentEffort Performance Options Outcome 7. Provide feedback to the employee * take heed to employee comments * quarterly assessments * Being honest about performances Job satisfaction Recommendations Criteria 1 Improve Managerial Skills Alternative Hire Qualified direction Based on a professional association of practicing managers, American Management Association, managers need certain skills to perform the duties and activities associated with being a manager (Jones 2009).When hiring potential managers, Perfect Pizza should not simply look at the human skills of the individual but also ensure that potential managerial candi witnesss also have communication skills, effectiveness skills, interpersonal skills, and conceptual skills. Communica tion skills is the ability to transform ideas into spoken communication and actions. It is the set of skills that enables a person to convey information so that is it received and understood. Effectiveness skills is contributing to the companys mission/de proceduremental objectives, customers focus, and multitasking (Jones 2009). Interpersonal skills is coaching and mentoring, diversity.Being able to work with diverse people and culture, networking within the organization, networking outside the organization, and working in teams. Conceptual skills is the ability to use information to solve the companys problems, recognizing problem areas and implementing solutions, and understanding the companys business enterprise model. Criteria 2 Improve employee morale & decrease turnover Alternative Reward, bonuses & incentive program fit to the research of nates Gray, if an employee incentive program is hotfoot correctly, it can increase the employee morale and productivity and performan ce (Gray 2006).When employees in the organization are happy, it can lead to positive outcomes. Criteria 3 Improve profitability Alternative Employee Training Programs A common mistake made by many organizations is the failure to adequately invest in the continued training of their employees after they are hired. Based on research from the Management Association of Illinois, one of the biggest factors in maintaining employee satisfaction levels and the companys profitability is the amount of training companies provide (Silverman 2009).The training and development of employees through training programs is an essential part of their satisfaction and longevity and should be made a priority of the organization. Training programs not only help to bolster employee satisfactions and the companys profitability, but also produce tangent benefits for the company. Criteria 4 Increase communication between employees & management Alternative Interacting with employees inside & outside of work Man y companies do not befool that interacting with employees inside and outside of work volition increase communication with employees and management.According to research from the American Management Association, participating in activities, creating a sport team, community service, and volunteer services outside of work exit help employees and managers unwind and get to know each(prenominal) other better (Jones 2005). Criteria 5 Improve work quality Alternative Assure employees with positive communication More emphasis should be placed on employee banals and job matching responsibilities. Perfect Pizzeria employees are interdependent of one another in order to produce their product.Hence, in order to promote job consistency employees need to be educated on what their duties and expectations. An employee cannot work up to the expected standard if they are not aware of what is required of them. The following pointers entrust help attain this goal. * All staff regardless of their roll must have a work understanding of what the business actually does and knowthe names of all the products and its main competitors * Ensure they havea good enough understanding of who does what to be able to find someone to help a customer when the need arises. The management must take time to explain the organizations aims and objectives to the employees. * Set measures for the business that they can all contribute to * Provide a clear and simple report to show them how the business is doing Criteria 6 Monitor employee progress Alternative Leadership opportunities Perfect Pizzeria should implement a believe internal program that encourages a sense of ownership with their employees. Keeping the staff informed, prepared and up to get word with all company operations is key.The following pointers will help attain this goal. * Staff must have a clear understanding of product * Explain the organizations aims and objectives to the employees * Set measures for the business that they can all contribute to * Provide business progress report These steps are in line with the expectancy conjecture which is a motivation theory based on the idea that work effort is directed toward behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes. Criteria Provide feedback to the employee Alternative 7 Quarterly AssessmentsFeedback to employees about their performance through quarterly assessments helps improve their performance, motivates self-improvement, and builds trust (Lun 1999). Action and Implementation Plan Employee handbook Based on the recommendations listed above, Perfect Pizzeria needs to overhaul the way that it is currently doing things to be combative in their market. The most important thing that needs to happen is Perfect Pizzeria needs to come up with official documentation that sets the standard for the company policy and procedures.This can be achieved by growing a new employee handbook that will be given to all employees. It will also be given to a ll the newly hired employees as part of their orientation process. According to Felsberg (2004), an employee handbook will be carefully drafted and periodically reviewed by the Human Resources department. The handbook will be reviewed and updated at least every two years. If policies or laws change, updates can occur more frequently. The employees will be required to date and sign the handbook acknowledging that they have reviewed it.This ensures that the employee understands the companys policies and practices. The section of Perfect Pizzerias handbook that would need the most change is the employment policies. The responsibilities of the employees need to be clearly laid out so the supervisors and the rest of the team know where they fit in the organization. The supervisors responsibilities are not only to represent the companys management to its employees, but to represent the companys employees to its management. The teams responsibility also needs to be revamped because every p hase in producing the companys product is important.Reward and Bonus Program According to Hsieh (2011), employees who perceive a greater fit with their employer are less likely to leave the firm, are more committed to it, and have higher work satisfaction. Reward practices logically serve as motivators, shaping employee behaviors. Rewarding employees for ideas that minimize or eliminate costs is more important in an overall cost leadership strategy. A rewards system is an important part of an organizations human resource strategy. The old bonus system of rewarding the manager does not work in todays business environment.With the old system, if the percentage of food unsold or damaged in any way is very low, the manager gets a bonus. Modern organizations must make their rewards system to help achieve higher performance at not only the managerial level but at the team level. The perfect system helps the company give the right amount of reward, to the right people, at the right time, f or the right reasons. The new system will continue to reward the managers for the low percentage but an employee reward and bonus system will also be created.An Employee of the Quarter program will be created and based on performance perceived by the managers and fellow employees and quarterly evaluations. The Employee of the Quarter will be accept in a company newsletter, a plaque, and also a cash bonus. This will make sure that the manager are not the only ones being rewarded and will motivate the team to not only work harder, but smarter. Training Program pertly employees will go through a formal training program where all employees should be able to complete a number of tasks to make sure that they can do their job proficiently.Psychologist David McClelland recognized that a persons needs can be strengthened through reinforcement, learning, and social conditions. McClelland examined three learned needs achievement, power, and affiliation. McClellands research supported his the ory that needs can be learned, so he developed a training program for this purpose. Perfect Pizzeria will incorporate his achievement management program for employees. Trainees will write achievement-oriented stories and practice achievement-oriented behaviors in business games.This training period will also include new managers. Managers will learn about McClellans need for power. This need is where people want to control their environment, including people and material resources, to benefit themselves and others. It will be mandatory for managers to attend a program, which will include management classes. The management classes will provide management expectations, operational procedures, and the basic concepts to be successful. Serving the customers is the cornerstone of Perfect Pizzeria.In the training program, managers will learn how to communicate with all types of customers, vendors and co-workers. Out of everything they learn, customer service is the one skill they will use every minute of every hour of every day they are at Perfect Pizzeria. The training program will cover proper management techniques to problem solving. Once they have completed the program, they will be able to handle any situation. Softball Team To increase communication with the employees and management, Perfect Pizzeria will form a team and join the local company softball game league.With all the reasons for starting a softball team, such as physical fitness, focal point relief, and fun, the most important reason is strengthen relationships. Playing softball together helps co-workers form and strengthen friendships, and instills a sense of camaraderie among company players. Co-workers who dont communicate outside of the workplace will get a chance to interact and get to know each other, and close associates can enjoy seeing different sides to the people they work with every day.A softball team will also support employees need for affiliation. This need is where people seek ap proval from others, aline to their wishes and expectations, and avoid conflict and confrontation. Employees with a strong need for affiliation project a favorable go for of themselves. They actively support others and try to smooth out workplace conflicts. They also work well in coordinating roles to mediate conflicts and cultivate long-term relationships. Quarterly Evaluations Throughout the year, the employees performance will be tracked.According to DelPo (2007), a log for each employee will be kept on a computer. Memorable incidents involving that employee, whether good or bad, will be noted. If an employee is going above and beyond what is expected or they really spoil something up, immediate feedback will be given orally or in writing. The manager will let the employee know that they noticed and appreciate the extra effort or that they are concerned about the employees performance. If a manager gives oral feedback, they will make a written note of the conversation for the e mployees personnel file. all(prenominal) three months, a manager will formally evaluate each employee by writing a performance appraisal and holding a meeting with the employee. The appraisal will include each standard or goal that is set for that employee, the managers conclusion as to whether the employee met the standard or goal, and the reasons that support their conclusion. At the meeting, the manager will let the employee know what they did well and which areas could use some improvement. The manager will explain his or her conclusions about each standard and goal.They will also listen carefully to the employee and ask the employee to write them down on the evaluation form. Conclusion Overall, Perfect Pizzeria can overcome their managerial and employee problems as well as prevent a high percentage of profit loss by carefully implementing new organizational changes. The changes outlined within our action and implementation plan will lead to employee motivation, high morale, low turnover rate, qualified applicants, respect for managers, and effective systematic criteria for the selection of managers and employees, and formal training classes for managers.Therefore, it is imperative that these positive changes be made immediately in order for Perfect Pizzeria to prosper. Chart 1 References Appelbaum,S. H. , Iaconi,G. D. Matousek, A. (2007). Positive and negative deviant workplace behaviors causes, impacts, and solutions. Corporate Governance,7(5),586. Retrieved November 7, 2011, from ABI/ avow Global. (Document ID1381003221). Delpo, A. (2007). The Performance Appraisal Handbook Legal and Practice Rules for Managers. California NOLO. Felsberg, E.. (2004). Composing effective employee handbooks.Employment Relations Today,31(2),117. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID665846591). Gray, John. (2006). Motivating Employees. John Gray. Accessed December 3, 2011 From www. johngray. com Hsieh,Y. ,Chen,H.. (2011). strategic fit among bus iness competitive strategy, human resource strategy, and reward system. Academy of Strategic Management Journal,10(2),11-32. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID2439526121). Jones, C.. (2009). Developing Management Leaders by Teaching Managerial Skills.New York American Management Association. Kaifi,B. ,Noori,S.. (2011). Organizational Behavior A Study on Managers, Employees, and Teams. Journal of Management Policy and Practice,12(1),88-97. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID2399209841). Luthans,F. , Rosenkrantz, S. A. Hennessey, H. W.. (1985) What do successful managers really do? An observation study of managerial activities, J. AppliedBehav. Science, 21, 255-270. Luo L. Work motivation, job stress and employees well-being. Journal of Applied Management Studies Jun 1999 8, 1 pg. . ABI/INFORM Global. Porras, J. I. & Anderson, B.. (1981). Improving managerial effectiveness through modeling-based training, Org- Dynamics, 9, 60-77. Manzoor,Q.. (2012). pertain of Employees Motivation on Organizational Effectiveness. Business Management and Strategy,3(1),1-12. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID2485742121). Mcshane, T. , Mchane, T. L. , & Glinow, M. V. (2011). Organizational Behavior emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. (5th ed. , pp. 494-495). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin.Mcshane, S, & Von Glinow, M.. (2011). Organizational Behavior emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. (5th ed. , p. 109, 199). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Mellewigt,T. ,Ehrmann,T. ,&Decker,C.. (2011). How Does the Franchisors Choice of Different Control Mechanisms Affect Franchisees and Employee-Managers Satisfaction? Journal of Retailing,87(3),320-331. Retrieved November 4, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID2476250611) Silverman, Joy. (2009). Discovering and Acting on Employee Opinions. Management Association of Illinois, 2009.

How Macbeth Lost His Morals Essay

Macbeth is a very controversial char shamer in many another(prenominal) ways. Many believe he was an shame man from the beginning. While some believe he became evil over the course of the play. Macbeths clean-livings gradually deteriorated throughout the play. Macbeths soliloquys, conversations, and his crookions show how he lost his morals bit by bit in after each shoot.In act I, Macbeth was confronted with the thought of killing great power Duncan and stealing the throne. His soliloquy (I.7.1-28)is his response to the possible actions he is just near to show part in. He basically said he snarl bad because as his kinsman and his host he should protect him, not kill him. in like manner the fact that he was such a good tycoon make him hesitate at the thought of killing him. In his discussion with Lady Macbeth after his soliloquy, Macbeth states, We lead proceed no further in this business. / He hath honored me of late(I.7.31-32) Macbeth was talking about how King Duncan h as honored him recently and how he cannot go through with killing him.Then at the end of act I, Lady Macbeth convinces him to go through with the cut up. Then after the remove of King Duncan, Macbeth flips out and begins to rant and rave. He said after the murder talking with lady Macbeth, To know my deed, twere best not know myself.(II.2.73) This showed his natural guilt and regret of the crime he just committed.Then, in act III, Macbeths soliloquy (III.1.47-72) he stated his fears and hatred of Banquo because he was so good. He then called for deuce murderers to kill Banquo and his son, Fleance. Macbeth needed no motivation for this action other than fear, and he had no hesitation in this decision as with the murder of King Duncan. But after Macbeth knows Banquo is dead, he saw his ghost at his dinner party, taunting him (III.4.40-105). This was a form of his conscience making him feel guilty for what he did. Though his reaction to Banquos murder is equally as volatile as King Duncans, the build up preceding the murder shows a stark contrast. Before the murder of King Duncan, Macbeth had resisted the thought some(prenominal) longer than with the murder of Banquo, which he had no major moral dilemmas before hand. It seemed as though it was becoming easier and easier for Macbeth to kill without remorse.Finally, in act IV Macbeth makes a statement that showed his moral deterioration very well. After talking with Lennox about how Macduff had fled to England, Macbeth said in his soliloquy, From this moment/ The very first gearlings of my heart shall be/ The firstlings of my hand.(IV.2.146-148) Macbeth said that now the first occasion that came to mind would be the first thing he did. The next thing he said was, The go of Macduff I will surprise,/ Seize upon Fife, five to the edge o the sword/ His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls.(IV.2.150-152) The first thing that came to his mind was to kill Macduffs family. He had no second thoughts like the fi rst two murders, no last minute guilt trips either, just cold blooded killing. When Macbeth meets Macduff in the battle playing field he said, Of all men else I have avoided thee./ But get thee back, my soul is to a fault much charged/ with blood of thine already.(V.8.4-6) That was a little sign of remorse by saying that he has too much of Macduffs familys death on his soul, that he doesnt want another.Macbeths moral deterioration throughout the play is very evident if one looks at the moments preceding and following the murders. In the first quell, there was a long build up and many moral objections by Macbeth. Also after the murder, Macbeth was extremely disturbed by what he had just done. Then, before the second killing, there was less(prenominal) of a build up and no moral objections by Macbeth. After the murder of Banquo, Macbeth still felt some guilt, which manifested itself in the hallucination of the ghost. Finally, prior to the third murder, there was no moral dilemma abo ut about killing Macduffs family. Following the murder, he showed almost no remorse, except for the comment made to Macduff. Macbeth was a good man in the beginning of the play, but his morals deteriorated more with each murder he committed.

How does Shakespeare make Lady Macbeth into such a Dramatic Character Essay

Creating a character like peeress Macbeth who is ahead of her time, domineering and so far a modality from the 16th and17th century stereotypical women, is a raging achievement for Shakespeare. chick Macbeths character is not too dissimilar to that of a witch as many aspects of the things she does and the language and imagery she uses crap led me to believe that she may easily be one. This could well shed been the response if a Jacobean interview, There are also frequent times when she appears to call in on spirits.At the time when Macbeth was indite the public were becoming increasingly pre-occupied with witchcraft. A law was hitherto put in place to ban it. It was also estimated that at least a staggering 8,000 witches were burned-over at the stake just in Scotland between 1564 and 1603 (which would have supported the Jacobean view at the time). As witches were used in the play it would have made it all the more intriguing to the audience and to James I. Another point of attraction is the situation that peeress Macbeth appears to have some witchlike features, or that she could be working in sync with them. This further adds another fascinating dimension to her character and so would have broadened her appeal as a dramatic character at the time.When Macbeth was written, women were believed to be inferior to men. lady Macbeth contrasts to this belief in numerous ways. She, for example, has more control over Macbeth than he has of her. She also seems able to pluck and manipulate effectively and uses these skills in act 1 scene 7 she does a great melodic phrase of persuading Macbeth to go through with the murder of Dun rear end and in act 3 scene 4 when she attempted to preventive Macbeth from giving away that he murdered Duncan.I also believe that the impact of the witches, especially at the very beginning of the play provides an excellent building block for her to manipulate, control and domineer him. One of the almost important factors in c reation able to control Macbeth are the witches. With away(p) the information and ambition that the witches feed him, brothel keeper Macbeths cogent powers wouldnt be anywhere near as effective. In addition peeress Macbeth seems to be undecided whether she is good, evil, somewhere in between or indeed what ulterior motive she has. mayhap she acknowledges she is human after universe taken over by spirits, but ultimately she cannot defeat her humanity. brothel keeper Macbeths portrayals in the Polanski and estate film version contrast greatly. In the Polanski portrayal, gentlewoman Macbeth is seen to reflect the way Shakespeare intended her to manifest. She also is seen to be devious and conniving just as Shakespeare intended. However in the Estate version, dame Macbeth gains sympathy from the audience and we are certainly more sympathetic towards her, because as the film indicates she doomed her child earlier in life. This is also why many characters in the film look upon her otherwise in comparison the Polanski version.The evidence we have of noblewoman Macbeth being portrayed in two contrary ways shows what an impressive, dramatic and intriguing character Shakespeare has created, and Im sure that numerous other interpretations can be made, and will be made in the future.The very first time we are introduced to chick Macbeth is when she has received a letter from Macbeth informing her almost what the witches had told him. What is interesting is that she never dwells on the letter for a moment. She just gets straight into devising a way of how to get Macbeth to be king (and of course herself top executive) by killing. She immediately knows he isnt capable of committing the murder as she regularizes Its too full of the milk of human kindness. Using the work milk means she views Macbeth as young or young and definitely incapable of murdering Duncan. Also it initiates a sense of images connected with motherhood and femininity.She then does on to say I pour my spirits into thine ear which is a reference to the fact that shell have to use her cogent powers to influence him.It is immediately clear Shakespeare intended to give her power, and the way she has already started to devise a forge instantaneously in her mind is astonishing. She all the way thinks she is potent already when she says Under my battlements. In Lady Macbeths mind the Macbeths palace is hers. This view is completely in contrast with events at the time as any normal stereotypical woman in this time period would never claim to feature her husbands property.We as an audience already know that Lady Macbeth is an extraordinary powerful woman. unaccompanied when she thrives for more power. When she says Unsex me here this means that she feels restricted and wants to have mens power. She may also believe that a woman can only have so much power and to gain more she would have to become a man. I believe she feels jealous of Macbeths power and longs to feel wha t it is like to me a man like him.Immediately when Macbeth has met his wife after sending the letter, barely any pleasantries are change and she quickly sets upon overwhelming him. Lady Macbeths sharp innovative thinking has already devised a image to kill Duncan and she wastes no time in unleashing it upon Macbeth Duncan That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan. She has concocted that the murder will be cover up And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell and that the murder will happen under the mantle of dark. She also tells him that she will poison the guards in order for him to get to Duncan And take my milk for acerbity.The way Lady Macbeth has already pieced together a architectural plan of how to get herself into the powerful position of queen so rapidly is a prime example that power and domination are the main features of her existence. She clearly thrives on power and her uttermost(a) statement in act 1 scene 5 only underlines this fact Leave all the rest to me. She is telling Macbeth that she has complete control over the situation and that kind of of her relying on him, he can rely on her. This would be shocking to the audience as it challenges beliefs about societys roles at the time.Although Lady Macbeths plan seems convincing, Macbeth is still a bit wary of it. He puts forward the view that doing more than what is natural for a man to do, no longer makes him a man. In other words it would make him unnatural as it could almost be construed that Lady Macbeth is severe to mildew Macbeth and make him into a somewhat preternatural character. Although we know Macbeth kills Duncan, he may not have through so if it had not been for his love and affection for his wife, as in the letter he wrote to her he called her My dear partner of greatness. We also know that he trusted her with his life, as if the letter he had written to her had been seen by anybody else it may have been seen as treasonous. Without Macbeths love and trust for his wife Lad y Macbeth may not have been able to persuade him to commit the murder.In act 1 scene 7 Lady Macbeth hits her husband where she knows it will hurt by making him feel like a coward when she continues to teem my spirits into thine ear and she says mockingly Poor cat. The image of the cat is designed in to re-inforce the fact that Macbeth is being cowardly for having second thoughts over the murder of Duncan. Another even more damaging persuasive technique Lady Macbeth uses is to insult Macbeths manhood. When Lady Macbeth says When you durst do it, then you were a man it appears to rupture Macbeths futile attempts to convince himself that he shouldnt murder Duncan by mocking his masculinity and contrasting it to her dedication to him. AnxietyLady Macbeth seems hell-bent on persuading Macbeth to murder Duncan, but could she have done it herself? She claims Duncan looked like her set out so she couldnt do it. But she also said she would kill her own baby if she had to I would while it was smiling in my face. I think she isnt quite as powerful as she appears on the surface and she is too scared herself of the consequences of killing a king. Although if this was the case it would be juiceless as the ill-doing of Macbeth killing Duncan affects her a lot more.On waiting for Macbeth to commit the murder, Lady Macbeth is lordly and bold and is confident having played her part by drugging the guards. Here Macbeth makes a foolish splay by bringing the two bloodstained daggers back from the scene of the crime. Lady Macbeth quickly notices his mistake and resolutely orders him to put the daggers beside the drunken guards. Macbeth is too overcome with the fear of guilt to do this, which forces Lady Macbeth to carry out the deed for him. Without Lady Macbeths readiness of mind and strength of purpose, Macbeth may have been exposed. We see Lady Macbeth has the initiative and grasps the situation however after persuading Macbeth to murder Duncan she has turned a great wa rrior into a iniquitous wreck.After Duncans death Macbeth kills the guards in a false display of loyalty, however Macduff questions this and although Macbeth justifies his actions it still seems unconvincing. Lady Macbeth conveniently faints after seeing the dead bodies. I believe she fakes to faint as she is afraid that Macbeth wasnt convincing and this provides the perfect way to back out the attention away from Macbeth. Nevertheless I believe that Lady Macbeth may be genuinely shocked by her husbands quick ruthless actions and by chance before she thought that he wouldnt be capable of murdering again. She may be shocked at what he has turned into, and not realize how omnipotent she has been. Also, with Macbeth playing so spontaneously this could be conceived by her as him challenging her powerLady Macbeth becomes uneasy as her husband seems to spend his time alone Desire has got without content. She is also not enjoying her new found role as queen. It seems the position she so wanted in life hasnt lived up to her high standards. When Macbeth eventually does see her she pretends she is at rest with the current situation. In addition in this scene Lady Macbeth begins to lose her power over Macbeth and from her being so dominant now the situation and balance begins to shift. He is beginning to formulate a plan without her, but he wont tell her what it is. Macbeth despite calling her Dearest chuck clearly feels he doesnt need her. Whereas in the first act, Lady Macbeth is overpowering Macbeth, now their roles have changed.In act 3 scene 4 Lady Macbeth grasps control over the situation for one last time. Banquos ghost ironically occupies Macbeths seat as Banquos descendants will do the butt. Only Macbeth can see the ghost and he is terrified. Lady Macbeths quick thinking to draw the banquet to a close and dismiss everyone is another example of how much influence she has had throughout the play, and without her Macbeth for certain wouldnt be in the positi on he now currently finds himself in. However he seems to only talk of himself alone For mine own good. He even admits that he wants to visit the witches again. Lady Macbeth results in keeping Her state which means she is going to remain and sit on the throne. On the throne is where she should be able to enjoy her role as queen but it somehow feels hollow and vacate for her without Macbeth by her side. And maybe it is no wonder that Lady Macbeth begins to question what has become of her.In Macbeths castle at Dunsinaine a doctor and a waiting gentlewoman discuss their patient, Lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is walk and it must finally dawn on the audience that she has lost all control and is on the marches of insanity as sleepwalking was seen as a supernatural sign of being possessed. Earlier in the play she said Whats done is done meaning she is suggesting that killing Duncan would not be of bushel once it had been accomplished. However now whats done is not in the past put yield i n her mind. She now goes on to say Whats done cannot be undone Which is the complete opposition to her earlier statement.She says Who would have thought the old man would have so much blood in him? while in her dream-like state. I think this means that she didnt realize so much guilt would overwhelm her after Macbeth had murdered Duncan, also that she didnt think there would be so many deaths after they had killed Duncan.What is fascinating about Lady Macbeths situation now is she set about trying to influence Macbeth and it appears she has influenced herself into her own death. Lady Macbeths death could almost be viewed as a break for Macbeth. She may have felt that she was becoming a burden for him and that he would do better without her. furthermore she could have killed herself as she had lost control over herself and more importantly over Macbeth, who seemed to be acting spontaneously without her dramatic impact over him. Macbeths reaction may also come as a surprise to the audience as when he says She should have died hereafter it feels like he is being offhand and has more important things to worry about than his wifes death. Or does the word hereafter suggest he may dwell and mourn over the matter later?In cultivation the dramatic power of Lady Macbeth is at first influential and rewarding to her and her husband, but then spirals out of control. Shakespeare has created an iconic and revolutionary character and one who seems to have numerous personalities on-the-go at once. At first she seems supernatural with her uncompromising desire for her husband to take the throne, but then she shows aspects of humanity- she would have killed Duncan herself if he hadnt have reminded her of her father. Finally, it seems that Shakespeare created the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to compliment each other. As when Macbeth is weak and hesitant, Lady Macbeth is strong and dynamic when Macbeth is diligent and determined, Lady Macbeth is tormented and slowly disintegrates. Without the relationship they provide for each other they wouldnt have got to the stage of their downfall.

The Human Mind: Id .vs. Ego and Superego (Lord of the Flies

Isaac lee(prenominal) 9Ak Essay Lord of the move The tender-hearted race sound judgment Id . vs. Ego and Superego Lord of the flies was written by William Golding. It is ab pop(p lossicate) a group of boys who crash- get on the island. They ar to survive and as the novel progresses, the boys imaginations takes them to hallucinating about a beast being on the island. The beast is a representation of fear and leads to the index push between Ralph and diddlyshit with Simon standing by the side. William Golding uses the power struggle as a representation of the human nous, how the Id, the savage, basic instinct of our chief is always there and the reason for civilization (e. social inter exertionion and rules and the consequences. ) The power struggle represents the human mind. The three principal(prenominal) char pieceers are the representation of the three parts of the mind, waying on the Id, which is always there floating in the endure of ones mind. The human mind is s plit into three assorted parts, the Id, the Ego and the Superego as persuasion by an austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. The Id is the set of uncoordinated instinctual trends, basically, the hunger for everything we desire.Freud thought that the Id was driven by the libido the energy from feels instinct and the will to survive, it gives the feeling to desire. The ego is the nonionic realistic part of your mind, it satisfies the Id by controlling it through any means to divert, transform or converting the sizeable force of Id to useful and realistic modes of satisfaction that can be done in reality and suppresses the take for everything. The superego is your conscience, it judges the right and wrong, it seeks perfection that is beyond the limits of reality, even beyond the ego.Overall, the ego is always negotiating with the id, trying to preclude it from over whelming itself musical composition the superego watches over, jumps in when it thinks that it Lee, p. 2 can set ab out a moral decision about the situation. In the Lord of the Flies, Jack represents the id. He has an unquenchable thirst to put to death and to thrive e. g. He attempt to convey the compulsion to track down and kill that was swallowing him up. (P70) The impulse in him to murder was eating him. In the story. As he progresses, he begins to show signs of savagery. In the eginning, they all had one opinion s work that changed radically as the beast showed up. When Jack comprehend about the beast, the first thing he wanted to do was to hunt the beast. As you could say, that the beast was a flame that sparked of Jacks Id, after that, he leftover the tribe and formed his own, a manifestation for power. As Jack does in the news, the Id springs out, takes over control of our mind and takes advantage of our fear of the beast. Shortly after that, they began to worship and offering the head of what they kill to the beast.As the Id was driven by the libido, Jack was driven by hunting. t hus, the beasts form was a motif, a repeatedly occurring idea, or thing, which upon repetition derives its meaning in relationship to the theme. The first time that the beast appeared, nobody unfeignedly debated in the beast. In page 34, a child tells Ralph through gluttonous He wants to know what you are going to do about the beast thing. (P48). After that, they laughed it off, as if it wasnt real. But after a while, in chapter , they begin to doubt whether the beast is real or non, when samneric saw a shape on the hill.The result They were absolutely terrified about the beast. Ralph represents the Ego in the Lord of the Flies since he has always been struggling with Jack in power and strength. A key moment in the book of the power struggle is when Jack leaves the tribe Im going off by myself. He can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too. Lee, p. 3 This shows that Jack is far apart from the an opposite(prenominal) sight and lonesome(prenominal ) cares about himself. This shows that Jack is power hungry and only cares about himself. This symbolizes that the Ego is trying to control the Id.As the ego, it is also trying to divert the power of the Id to realistic methods as stated before, when Jack raised that question of hunting for food everyday and so, Ralph decided that Jack could hunt, only not every hour so they can aliment the suggest going. Therefore, Ralph represents the Ego. Simon represents the superego in the Lord of the Flies. When Simon heard about the beast, he didnt cower away, afraid of the beast, he did the opposite. The only person who does not believe that there is a beast is Simon. Simon later discovers that the physical shape is actually a man in a parachute being dragged up the hill by the wind.He then goes to untangle the image, even though it is foul and rotten away. We can see this in this quote Simon knelt on all fours and was sick till his stomach was empty. Then he took the lines in his hands he freed them from the rocks and the ? gure from the winds indignity. He extradites the figure even though it is not obligatory, he saves it out of his own goodness and will, he does this not for the enormous good, but only because skillful because it is unfair for a corpse that has to be strung up equal that. Therefore, Simon represents the superego in the Lord of the Flies. The beast in the book is a manifestation of fear.This paragraph will focus on how our fear or Id is always part of us, in the spine of our minds, unconsciously. Mentioned in the previous paragraphs, it shows that the mind is split into three different parts, the id, the ego and the superego. The id eats away at us, when there is a trigger off to set us off. The person who really became an id was Jack, by the end of the book he was a take down animal. The trigger for Jack was the the beast itself. When they saw the physical form of the beast, which was beneficial a man on a parachute, they were Lee, p. 4 absolutely terrified, they ran away from it as fast as they could.Something interesting to point out was as Ralph was running down the mountain, it also give tongue to that Ralph found himself taking giant strides among the ashes, heard other creatures crying out and leaping and dared the impossible on the dark slope presently the mountain was deserted, save for the tree abandoned sticks and the thing that bowed. (p135) Notice how here that it describes the other boys as other creatures but not boys. They are descending into the darkness of primitive humans. At first, they were putting on face paint and just laughing it off, but then it gets very serious as shown through this quote The face of red and white and black, swung through the air and jigged towards Bill. Bill set downed up laughing then suddenly he neglect silent and blundered away through the bushes. Jack rushed towards the twins. The rest are making a line. get laid on But- -We- Come on Ill creep up and stab- The mask compelled them. (P66 ) Notice that Jack said that they are making a line and they will creep up and stab them. This reflects on the final exam scene how the hunt for Ralph is just like this scene, it is providing foreshadowing for later. They stab to satisfy their own need to hunt.A great example for this is from Simons finish to piggys death and finally to the hunting of Jack. At the death of Simon, we can tell that it was an accident and it was ambiguous whether it was intentional or unintentional, they were all driven to fear with the surroundings. Then came Piggys death. Ralph and Piggy came to Jacks fort for peaceful means to ask for Piggys glasses back. But then, they got into an argument and came teeth to teeth fighting. Roger observed from above and as it says spicy overhead, Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever. (p200 201) and then,Lee, p. 5 The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from chin to knee the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist. Piggy, saying nothing, with no time for even a grunt, travelled through the air sideways from the rock, turning over as he went. The rock bounded twice and was lost in the forest. Piggy fell forty feet and landed on his back across that square, red rock in the sea. (P200-201) This shows that Roger, under the influence of Jack, did this cruel act of violence on purpose, killing Piggy just like that. But the most inhumane act they did was to hunt and kill Ralph.The reason? Hunting is an act of mainly gaining something like meat and much(prenominal) while here, they are hunting Ralph just for pleasure and to add on to that, hunting is usually to hunt animals, but here they are hunting a human. In addition, here is an extraction from the hunting of Ralph. The ululation extend from shore to shore. The savage knelt down by the edge of the thicket, and there were lights flickering in the forest tail end him. (Page 221) The hunting of Ralph takes place throughout the island. The boys are no longer being described as boys in this quote, as stated that The savage knelt (P221).The children have truly become uncivilized barbarians, hunting each other as if it was just a game of fun. An interesting point in the book is when Simon is talking to the conceptional Lord of the flies. It holds something very sinister. You knew, didnt you? Im part of you? Close, close, close Im the reason why its no go? Why things are what they are? (P158) The Lord of the Flies is always part of us. This supports how it is fear itself that is haunting these boys, they descend into darkness with out civilization. The head speaks to Simon in an adverse way, with Why things are what they are? , suggesting that we created it ourselves.Lee, p. 6 The important of civilization and how, without it we would become savages is a wide topic. The main focus of civilization in this book is fire. Symbolically, the fire represent the will to be civilized the absence of the fire represent the loss of civilization. The fire in this book is a symbol for civilization because they keep it going to signal a ship, in the end, they just give up on keeping the fire going for two reasons, one, Samneric saw the beast on the hill, which made them terrified, second, there was not enough people once most of the people from Ralphs tribe went over to join Jacks tribe.Piggy states that Thats where theyve gone. Jacks party. (P188) They lose the will to live. Jacks ideal of a good life on the island is to hunt and kill nothing else while Ralphs ideal is to sustain the smoke from a fire so a ship will see it and come rescue them. A particular proposition to point out is also that Piggy says on P37 I bet its gone tea-time This brings back what they were doing back at home a routine. Here in the jungle, they have just recently crashed and have no organization whatsoever, by saying this, Piggy is bringing back the children to what they would have done if t hey were back in civilization.Another reason for civilization and social interactions is that we would go insane if it were not that we had someone to talk to. For example, when Simon was traversing to the plants head that Jacks tribe had killed and offered to the imaginary beast, this character the Lord of the flies pops up in Simons unconsciousness, he starts to hallucinate. Simon shook. There isnt anyone to help you. Only me. And Im the Beast. . When we are alone, things like this start to happen. The world, that understandable and lawful world, was slipping away (P98).Another example of the group descending into civilization is when Jack meant to kill Ralph Vicious, with full intention, he hurled his spar at Ralph. (P201) We dont kill a fellow human being that easily and when we do it is with reason, but here, Jack throws it at Ralph, with intention but without reason. The murderous hatred has consumed Ralph. He is uncivilized and barbaric. In conclusion, Lord of the Flies is a book where the power struggle between Ralph and Jack, but with Simon as the overview figure, is a representation of the human personality, with Simon andLee, p. 7 Ralph trying to contain Jack just as in the mind how the Ego and Superego try to contain the Id, how the Id is always in the back of mind and without civilization we would descend into becoming savages. But the children, as previously mentioned, were only around ten to cardinal years old and children as the symbol of innocence but yet they consider and commit such inhumane acts, does it not mean that we are all savages at the bottom of our heart too?