Symbolism In Great Gatsby Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Symbolism In Great Gatsby Essay, Research Paper Symbolism in the Great Gatsby Cary L. Pannell Eng. 206 Mrs. Sanders 20 May 1997 Symbolism in The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a fresh about one adult male # 8217 ; s disillusion with the American dream. In the narrative we get a glance into the life of Jay Gatsby, a adult male who aspired to accomplish a place among the American rich to win the bosom of his true love, Daisy Fay. Gatsby # 8217 ; s ruin was in the fact that he was unable to find that concealed boundary between world and semblance in his life. The Great Gatsby is a tightly structured, symbolically compressed novel whose prevailing images and symbols reinforce the thought that Gatsby # 8217 ; s dream exists on borrowed clip. Fitzgerald absolutely understood the insufficiency of Gatsby # 8217 ; s romantic position of wealth. At a immature age he met and fell in love with Ginevra King, a Chicago miss who enjoyed the wealth and societal place to which Fitzgerald was ever drawn. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism In Great Gatsby Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After being rejected by Ginevra because of his lower societal standing, Fitzgerald came off with a sense of societal insufficiency, a deep injury, and a yearning for the miss beyond attainment. This letdown grew into misgiving and enviousness of the American rich and their life style. These personal feelings are expressed in Gatsby. The rich typify the failure of a civilisation and the manner of life and this defect becomes evident in the characters of Tom and Daisy Buchanan. Nick Carraway, the storyteller of the narrative, rapidly became disillusioned with the upper societal category after holding dinner at their place on the stylish East Egg Island. # 8220 ; Nick is forced unwillingly to detect the violent contrast between their opportunities- what is implied by the gracious surface of their existence- and the seamy bottom which is it # 8217 ; s world # 8221 ; ( Way 93 ) . In the Buchanans, and in Nick # 8217 ; s reaction to them, Fitzgerald shows us how wholly the American up per category has failed to go an nobility. The Buchanans represent cowardliness, corruptness, and the death of Gatsby # 8217 ; s dream Gatsby, unlike Fitzgerald himself, neer discovers how he has been betrayed by the category he has idealized for so long. For Gatsby, the failure of the rich has black effects. Gatsby # 8217 ; s desire to accomplish his dream leads him to West Egg Island. He purchased a sign of the zodiac across the bay from Daisy # 8217 ; s place. There is a green visible radiation at the terminal of Daisy # 8217 ; s dock that is seeable at dark from the Windowss and lawn of Gatsby # 8217 ; s house. This green visible radiation is one of the cardinal symbols of the novel. In chapter one, Nick observes Gatsby in the dark as he looks yearningly across the bay with weaponries stretched outward toward the green visible radiation. It becomes evident, as the narrative progresses that # 8220 ; the whole being of Gatsby exists merely in relation to what the green visib le radiation symbolizes This first sight, that we have of Gatsby, is a ritualistic tableau that literally contains the significance of the completed book # 8221 ; ( Bewley 41 ) . A broader definition of the green visible radiation # 8217 ; s significance is revealed in Chapter 5, as Gatsby and Daisy stand at one of the Windowss in his sign of the zodiac. # 8220 ; If it wasn # 8217 ; T for the mist we could see your place across the bay, # 8221 ; said Gatsby. # 8220 ; You ever have a green visible radiation that burns all dark at the terminal of your dock. # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Daisy put her arm through his suddenly, but he seemed absorbed in what he had merely said. Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that visible radiation had vanished everlastingly. Compared to the great distance that had separated him from Daisy it has seemed really near to her, about touching her. It had seemed so near as a star to the Moon. Now it was once more a green visible radiation on a dock. His count of enchanted objects has diminished by one # 8221 ; ( Fitzgerald 94 ) . Gatsby had believed in the green visible radiation, it made his dream seem come-at-able. Upon run intoing Daisy once more, after a five-year separation, Gatsby discovers that sometimes achieving a coveted object can convey a sense of loss instead than fulfilment. It is when Gatsby makes this find that the green visible radiation is no longer the cardinal image of a great dream, but merely a green visible radiation at the terminal of a dock. The most obvious symbol in The Great Gatsby is a waste land called the Valley of Ashes, a dumping land that lies between East and West Egg and New York City. Symbolically # 8220 ; the green chest of the new universe # 8221 ; ( Fitzgerald 182 ) becomes this Valley of Ashes. As the semblances of young person give manner to the disenchantment of the mid-thirtiess, so green hopes give manner to the dust of letdown. Certainly Gatsby # 8217 ; s dr eams turn to ashes ; and it is dramatically appropriate that the keeper of the Valley of Ashes, Geor Ge Wilson, should be Gatsby’s liquidator. That Wilson is the death of Gatsby’s dream- and that the dream gives manner to ashes- is made clear through descriptive item. Over the bare country, known as the Valley of Ashes, brood the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg. â€Å"Gatsby is a sort of T. J. Eckleburg ; he has created a God like image of himself, but the image is doomed- the dream will turn to dust- and like Eckleburg, Gatsby besides has juncture to brood over the ashes of the yesteryear, over the grave dumping land of worn out hopes† ( Lehan 121 ) . The decease of Gatsby comes ironically from George Wilson’s entire misinterpretation of the universe from which the Buchanans and Myrtle come. The eyes of Dr. Eckleburg, dwelling over the Valley of Ashes, go what is left of the Son of God Gatsby has imagined himself to be. As the novel stopping points, the experience of Gatsby and his broken dream go the focal point of that historic dream for which he stands. I n the concluding ideas of the novel, Fitzgerald would wish the reader to see a much broader image of the theme- a vision of America as the continent of lost artlessness and lost semblances. He compares Gatsby’s experience to that of the Dutch Sailors who foremost came to Long Island and had an good continent before them. As Nick lies on the beach in forepart of Gatsby’s place, his last dark in the East, he contemplates this idea, â€Å"I became cognizant of the old island that flowered one time for Dutch sailor’s eyes – a fresh green chest of the new universe. It’s vanished trees, the trees that had made manner for Gatsby’s house, had one time pandered in susurrations to the last and greatest of all human dreams ; for a transitory enchanted minute adult male must hold held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an aesthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last clip in history with something commensurate to his capacity for admiration. I thought of Gatsby’s admiration when he foremost picked out the green visible radiation at the terminal of Daisy’s dock. He had come a long manner to this bluish lawn, and his dream must hold seemed so near he could barely neglect to hold on it. He did non cognize that it was already behind him† ( Fitzgerald 182 ) . Gatsby’s illustriousness was to hold retained a sense of admiration every bit deep as the sailor’s on that first landfall. Gatsby’s calamity was to hold had, non a continent to inquire at, but merely a green visible radiation at the terminal of Daisy’s Dock and the pettiness of Daisy herself. The development of such pettiness was Gatsby’s peculiar calamity and the calamity of America. Gatsby fades into the past forever to take his topographic point with the Dutch crewmans who had chosen their minute in clip so much more merrily than he. By the stopping point of the novel, Fitzgerald has wholly convinced the reader that Gatsby’s capacity for semblance is touching and heroic, despite the ineptitude of the objects of his dreams. It is through uniting immaculate prowess with symbolism that Fitzgerald paints a graphic image of the dream destined to neglect because it’s footing was semblance. non reality The Great Gatsby Cary L. Pannell Eng. 206 Rough bill of exchange of Final Word Count 1328 Thesis: The Great Gatsby is a tightly structured, symbolically compressed novel in which prevailing images and symbols reinforce the thought that Gatsby’s dream exists on borrowed clip. I. American Rich symbolize the failure of a civilisation. A. Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s feelings toward affluent B. Nick # 8217 ; s letdown with Buchanans C. Rich fail as nobility D. Gatsby betrayed by category he idealized II. Green visible radiation symbolizes hope. A. Gatsby # 8217 ; s being important to symbolism of green visible radiation. B. Green light ceases to be an enchanted object. III. Most obvious symbol is Valley of Ashes. A. Hope gives manner to dust of letdown. B. Death and devastation of dreams lie among ashes. C. T.J. Eckelberg # 8217 ; s eyes are God-like symbol. IV. America the continent of lost artlessness and semblances. A. Gatsby # 8217 ; s experience compared to Dutch crewmans. B. Gatsby # 8217 ; s calamity was pettiness of Daisy. Decision: Symbolism and prowess paint a graphic image of a dream destined to neglect. Bewley, Marius. # 8220 ; Scott Fitzgerald and the Collapse of the American Dream. # 8221 ; Modern Critical Views F. Scott Fitzgerald. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. 1985. p. 41. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Charles Scribner # 8217 ; s Sons. 1925 Lehan, Richard D. # 8220 ; The Great Gatsby. # 8221 ; F. Scott Fitzgerald and the Craft of Fiction. Chicago: Southern Illinois University Press. 1966. p. 121. Way, Brian. # 8220 ; The Great Gatsby. # 8221 ; Modern Critical Interpretations F. Scott Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s The Great Gatsby. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. 1986. p. 93.

philadelphia essays

philadelphia essays Jonathan Demme did not choose to call this movie Andys struggle, or prejudice against gays. Instead he decided to name the film after one of Americas most proud and famous cities, Philadelphia. He chose to do it like this because it is not a story about one man and it is not a story about gays. It is a story about society and how back in 1993, we were ignorant to the HIV virus and we thought of gays and homosexuals as lesser people. Never before had any director attempted to portray this issue in a film, but it was a long over due theme that needed to be addressed. And Mr. Demme portrayed this message wonderfully through the use of complex characters. He used their transformation throughout the film and character arcs to show how we as a society acted towards this serious issue and as the story progressed, we began to see just how ignorant we all were. The story begins with the director taking us through the streets of Philadelphia while the ever so talented Bruce Springsteens streets of Philadelphia plays softly in the background. Once the short introduction comes to an end, this is when we meet our two protagonists, Andrew Beckett (played by Tom Hanks) and Joe Miller (played by Denzel Washington). It is through these two characters that the main message of the film is delivered. As the story goes on we see how each character reacts to the changes going on in their lives and in the lives of others. The first scripted scene of the movie is of Both Andy and Joe sitting side by side in a lawyers office. At this point we do not know much about either character but we are introduced to who they are. Although Joe is the character depicted as society and it is really through his character arc that we see the major changes, Andy has a serious transformation as well. Andy starts off the film as a regular guy who works in a law firm. All we see is that he is a corporate lawyer who w...

Forms Of Business Organizations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Forms Of Business Organizations - Research Paper Example The disadvantages of corporations include the need to comply with more legal formalities like filing of annual returns, obligation to comply with more federal rules and regulations and the fact that it is expensive to form and operate compared with other business forms e.g. sole proprietorship and partnerships. Analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of corporations in light of the farming business of the four brothers, this form of business will not ensure be advisable as it will not meet the preferences of the owners. First, having a corporation will not give them the powers to determine the ownership and limit it to the members of the family. It will also not guarantee the adherence to the Christian beliefs and norms. Besides, having a C corporation will deny them the ability to determine the management of the business hence Xavier may not have the opportunity to offer his experience and skills. A C corporation demands that a board is constituted and the board will have the man date of monitoring the operation by formulating policies and determining who to manage the business. In conclusion, the form of business determines the manner in which the business will be operated and managed apart from determining the amount of taxes to be paid and other reporting requirements, It is therefore important that before a decision is made, the owners of the business should carefully analyze the merits and demerits of each business form in order to make decisions that will ensure their demands are met.

Bank of Americas Problem Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Bank of Americas Problem - Research Paper Example The bank spent billions of dollars in a bid to solve the issues Countrywide was involved in but almost four years later, the problems still persist and BAC has not been as profitable as it was before it acquired Countrywide. The reason has remained controversial about the failure of the bank’s performance soon after the acquisition and on the basis of this controversial issue; this paper has been decided to be taken up. Countrywide has been selectively considered as the most influencing fact towards the failure of the bank which is evident from various articles searched for during the making up of this paper. Various charts consisting of figures related to the downfall in the bank’s performance after acquiring Countrywide have been incorporated in this paper so that a comprehensive notion of the entire fact can be derived. The aim of this paper has been set with respect to resolving the present problematic situation of the bank pertaining to its merging with Countrywide during the year 2008.   Bank of America Position Bank of America (BAC) prides itself in its position and the role it plays in serving households, businesses, individuals and families to grow and succeed as a way of fuelling the economy. The bank upholds high standards of corporate governance and ethical conduct as a way of demonstrating its commitment. BAC is the biggest US lender in terms of assets and has about 13.9 million mortgages half of which are marred by controversy and are in the process of being segregated into good and bad. The effort to perform mortgage segregation on the part of BAC is aimed at staving off lawsuits arising from Countrywide mortgages (Plunkett, â€Å"Mortgages and Credit Industry Almanac†). BAC works with the belief of holding strength and rebuilding strength on failure each time. The recreation of strength after failure or even sustenance of strengths is undertaken by the bank mainly through concentration on key goals of the corporationâ€⠄¢s performance. The goals are obviously set according to the vision of the corporation and the strategies laid down by it for reaching to the vision in the long term. On this note, the vision statement of BAC is to evolve as the best company in the segment of financial services within the world. BAC holds the belief that the bank has its entire resources set for achieving the long-term goal in the form of vision. The vision is deemed to be also achievable by the bank based on the capabilities that it holds. The bank believes that the capabilities of the bank are efficient enough for meeting the financial requirements of the clients and the consumers. These capabilities are believed to be taking the bank near to the vision it has set for the future (Bank of America, â€Å"Annual Report 2010†). For the purpose of fulfilling its long-term vision, the bank concentrates heavily on its mission which is evident from the banks’ follow up of certain strategies.  

Black Diaspora in Literature | Essay

Black Diaspora in Literature | Essay â€Å"Survivors. In their diasporan souls a dream like steel† (Caryl Phillips, Crossing the River). This paper discusses in what senses post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora. The book looks at two main texts, Crossing the River by Caryl Phillips and Praisesong for the Widow by Paule Marshall, using the books The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness by Paul Gilroy and Black Imagination and the Middle Passage, edited by Maria Diedrich as secondary sources. The paper concludes that the diaspora, a key event in black history, is fundamental to many authors in terms of providing a framework on which to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. As Gilroy argues in his book The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness, â€Å"The specificity of the modern political and cultural formation I want to call the Black Atlantic can be defined, on one level, through a desire to transcend both the structures of a nation state and the constraints of ethnicity and national particularity. These desires are relevant to understanding political organising and cultural criticism. They have always sat uneasily alongside the strategic choices forced on black movements and individuals embedded in the national and political cultures and nation-states in America, the Caribbean and Europe† (p.19). Thus, as Gilroy argues, because of the black diaspora, black academics and black writers and artists have travelled and worked within what he terms a trans-national framework that, itself, precludes anything but only a very superficial association of their country of origin. Thus, as Gilroy argues, black post-slavery literature can only be understood in the context of a diaspora, as it is created within the framework that was created by this diaspora. It is, as argues Gilroy, â€Å"a preoccupation with the striking doubleness that results from this unique position – in an expanded West but not completely of it – is a definitive characteristic of the intellectual history of the Black Atlantic† (p.58). Diedrich’s edited volume Black Imagination and the Middle Passage examines the very specific period covering the forced dispossession of the Middle Passage, and analyses the arts (music, literature, dance etc.) that were created, on the transatlantic journey and on the continents in which the slaves were kept, and in the home continent upon their return. The book aims to represent the cultural conscience of the diaspora, as represented not only in the arts but also in myth and history, as a way of analysing what the diaspora meant for this group of people who were forcefully removed from their culture, and then had to live adrift from their culture. Many of the contributions in Diedrich argues, similarly to Gilroy, that the diapsora was a key event in the development of black literature, defining, as it does, a framework for creativity, through analyses of violence, of culture, of trans-national thinking and working. This idea is, again, highlighted in many other literary crit icisms[1]. Caryl Phillips book Crossing the River takes marginalisation and racism as central themes, using his central characters, Martha and Joyce, to explore these issues: Martha is a black woman dealing with racism in North America before and after slavery’s abolition, and Joyce, the white woman who is marginalised following her falling in love with a black man (Martha’s brother, Travis). We see, in the novel, how Martha was sold by her father, Nash, along with her two brothers, Nash and Travis, in to slavery, how Martha is separated from her children, separating her family, as occurred with many other hundreds of thousands of black families, and the novel deals a great deal, from this point on, with memory – her memory of her family, her memory of her loss, her memory of her culture that she has left behind. She grieves not only for these losses, but also for her own loss of dignity, through her placement in to slavery, and for her need to live alone, following aboliti on, no longer physically enslaved, bur emotionally enslaved by her losses and by the fragmented community in which she, and all freed slaves were forced to live. Her story does not end there, and we see the hurt and terrible conditions in which she was forced to live, post-slavery, through Phillips’ descriptions of her surroundings, and the murder of her new partner, Chester. Phillips uses several postmodern techniques to highlight all of the disjointed emotions that Martha feels, such as switching backwards and forwards across time in order to highlight how Martha reacts and feels about events, or the use of many voices in the novel (Martha, Joyce, Nash and others) in order to reiterate the fact that the novel is concerned with many people’s history – indeed, a whole generation’s history, of those people of a certain race who were forced in to slavery, and who, then, were forced in to submission for many years in a racist North American society. The James Hamilton character, the slave trader, is used by Phillips to introduce the ‘dirty’ side of slavery; with his orders for disposal of slaves (i.e., murder of slaves) and his colonial presence. Phillips’ deconstruction of Hamilton’s character, through movements across time, is a way for Phillips to explore history, as he sees it, as a re-definable present, no t an uninterpretable, unchangeable, past. Thus, Phillips’ novel Crossing the River looks at issues of slavery, racism, marginalisation using several main characters, all of whom are intertwined and all of whom are bound together by the main focus of the novel – slavery. Slavery is the theme which binds the book together, allowing Phillips to discuss issues such as cultural transpositions and the ‘diaspora’. Phillips does not, however, simply recount historical accounts of the lives of his main characters, the characters come alive through his particular sort of storytelling, which is argued by many to have an African slant i.e., it has a circular quality that is present in many African cultures in which storytelling is strong. Phillips also leaves as much untold as he tells, whilst giving historical facts surrounding the characters lives, allowing the reader to fill in the gaps and build their own version of the diasporan framework. For example, Nash’s freedom and journey to Liberia as a mis sionary poses many questions for Nash, leaving him, as it does in Africa, but in a foreign land, sometimes feeling more American than African, although as Nash points out, that is ridiculous, he is not American, any more than he is Liberian. This leaves the reader pondering ideas of culture and roots and what effects the diaspora had on the many hundreds of thousands of slaves who were displaced from their homes and forced to work, and then live freely, in a strange country, something which is reinforced, as we have seen by the character of Martha who, as we have seen, feels more for the loss of her daughter to slavery than she does for the loss of her freedom and her displacement. Thus, Phillips succeeds in showing the very human face of slavery, in terms of personal losses, not just the ‘wider’ academic picture of slavery as an exercise in intellectualising the diaspora in terms of its cultural conscience. Paule Marshall’s fiction has been described by Denniston (1995) as â€Å"an imaginative reconstruction of African history and culture, which connects all people of African descent†. Her book Praisesong for the Widow, captures African cultural patterns in contrast with North American materialism, and, as Denniston (1995) argues, through this, Marshall â€Å"reclaims African culture for black diasporan peoples†. As such, this type of fiction is not just African or black – it captures the dynamics of human struggle and so is universal. Many black commentators have denigrated this interpretation of this type of fiction, arguing that these arguments are little more than veiled racism, intended to belittle the worth of the intellectual exercise, i.e., the understanding of African history in terms of the diaspora, by reducing the arguments in these novels to universal arguments about reactions to oppression, not, as they are intended to be, arguments about black responses to the diaspora. Marshall’s novel Praisesong for the Widow also, similarly to Caryl Phillips in his Crossing the River, discusses the role of memory in the lives of the characters in the book, describing how Avey sees her body as nothing more than a repository of memory, in which physical sensations are nothing more than a way of recording emotional feelings; through this realisation, Avey comes to terms with her displacement from her natural society, and comes to accept her heritage. Through Avey’s slow realisation of her body as a respository for memory, Marshall echoes the disconnection of herself from her native culture, and thus from herself as a woman born in the Caribbean but sold to slavery in North America. Marshall uses Avey’s physical discomforts, which are described in graphic detail in the novel, to echo her disconnection from her culture, her heritage, and her subsequent journey to well-being is representative, for Marshall, of her restoration of her sense of cultur al inheritance. In addition to Marshall’s use of Avey’s body as a metaphor for displacement and representations of heritage and disposition, in terms of the slave’s body being enslaved, but their mind being free to wander, to develop, to grow, Avey’s physical journeys also somewhat recreate the journey’s her people took as slaves as a way for Marshall to explore the cultural disinheritance of the African people’s through the African diaspora[2] and the slaves’ reconnection with their heritages following their freedom. Avey’s memories are representative of African slaves memories, therefore – they were the only free part of them under the regime of slavery, and, for some slaves, whose histories were suppressed and sanitised, their only history was the one that their memory provided. As with Martha in Phillips’ novel, memory was, however, often too painful, for example, the memory of her lost daughter, with these ‘personalâ₠¬â„¢ memories being far more painful than memories of lost culture or memories of ‘home’. Avey’s constant opposition to recognising her heritage allows Marshall to explore the difficulties faced by ex-slaves when thinking about returning home, or settling in a foreign land under adverse, racist, circumstances. Avey cannot face the idea of acknowledging her heritage, as she is, as she sees it, happy as she is, without knowledge of what happened to her ancestors. Avey has constructed a life for herself based on an omission of her heritage, as a way of coping with the enormity of what happened to her family, her ancestors; her excessive consumption has blinded her to her heritage. Marshall thus seems to be suggesting, then, that the American way of life, of materialism and of consumerism, has a dulling effect, of smoothing cultural differences, and, indeed, the ‘American’ way is all-pervasive, a base laziness which calls to people’s sloth-like si des, and, through this, infiltrates every society in which it comes in to contact. As we have seen, therefore, the work of Phillips and Marshall both deal with the idea of slavery, of the diaspora, of the marginalisation felt by freed slaves in a foreign country, of ideas of cultural heritage. Both books, both examples of post-slavery literature, therefore, deal specifically with the issue of the diaspora, and what effects this had, and has, on the lives of slaves, and freed slaves, and the descendents of slaves. Phillips is, however, somewhat more concerned with the effect of loss on the lives of freed slaves than Marshall, who embodies his ideas within a character who is somewhat immune, for most of the book, to emotions. In terms, therefore, of the senses in which post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora, as we have seen, for many authors who are concerned with this issue, through their heritage or for whatever other reason, their literature is framed by the idea of the diaspora: this is the central framework from which all other ideas con nected to this hang. The diaspora acts as a backdrop, if you like, against which all other ideas connected to this (for example, heritage, cultural identity etc.) are understood. It is the understanding of all of these other concepts (for example, heritage, cultural identity etc.) which gives thrust to the work of such authors, and through a search for an understanding of these ideas, it is hoped that the diaspora will be understood, can be come to terms with; much as Avey’s illness is characteristic of an emotional need to know of her heritage, the diaspora is, for many authors and black academics, the tool that is used to gain understanding in to black history, both in countries of origin, and in the countries in which slaves were taken, post-slavery. In terms of the senses in which post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora, as we have seen, as Gilroy argues, black post-slavery literature can only be understood in the context of a diaspora, as it is created within the framework that was created by this diaspora. It is, as argues Gilroy, â€Å"a preoccupation with the striking doubleness that results from this unique position – in an expanded West but not completely of it – is a definitive characteristic of the intellectual history of the Black Atlantic† (p.58). Thus, for Gilroy, the diaspora is essential, fundamental, to an understanding of black history. As we have seen, Diedrich’s edited volume Black Imagination and the Middle Passage concludes, similarly to Gilroy, that the diaspora was a key event in the development of black literature, defining, as it does, a framework for creativity, through analyses of violence, of culture, of trans-national thinking and working. Thus, the diaspora, a key event in black history, is fundamental to many authors in terms of providing a framework on which to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. As we have seen in this paper, these issues provide literary fuel for many authors, and critics, and two of the most representative novels in terms of these issues, Crossing the River by Caryl Phillips and Praisesong for the Widow by Paule Marshall, have been analysed and used to illustrate how black authors use the diaspora in this way, i.e., to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. For many authors, writing about these issues is a way of dealing with these issues for themselves personally and, as such, such books provide solace for many blacks who live with the diaspora, and its effects, as part of their history. References Denniston, D.H., 1995. The fiction of Paule Marshall: reconstructions of history, culture and gender. University of Tennessee Press. Diedrich, M. (ed.)., 1999. Black Imagination and the Middle Passage. Oxford University Press. Gilroy, P., 1993. The Black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness. Verso Books. Marshall, P., 1983. Praisesong for the Widow. Putnam Press. Phillips, C., 2006. Crossing the River. Penguin Paperbacks. Rogers, S., 2000. Embodying cultural memory in Paule Marshall’s Praisesong for the Widow. African American Review Spring 2000. Footnotes [1] See, for example, Writings on Black Women of the Diaspora: History, Language and Identity, by Bracks; The African Imagination: Literature in African and the Black Diaspora by F.Abiola Irele, and Brent Hayes Edwards’ The Practice of Diaspora: Literature, Translation and the Rise of Black Internationalism. [2] See Rogers (2000) for further exploration of this concept.

Mgt/230 Week 1 Assignment

Mgt/230 Week 1 Decision Making Process Paper University of Phoenix People should make decisions every day, some of those decisions are easy to make, while others are quite difficult to implement. An appropriately combined and organized decision-making process will help to control this issue and bring a positive outcome for those involved. The decision-making process may become challenging for people due to â€Å"the lack of structure and entail risk, uncertainly and conflict† (Bateman and Snell, 2012, p. 86).That is why people trying to make important personal or professional decisions should have an appropriate model to follow in order to avoid these challenges. Bateman and Snell identified six steps or stages of decision-making process which may be attached to any problem or decision. First, it is necessary to identify and analyze the problem. The problem at hand for me was the necessity to purchase my own home. In 2002 I was renting a home in a small city with my husband an d son living there as well. The house was also shared with my Mother-in-Law, and it was too small for all four of us to share.My husband and I realized after a short period of time that this living situation was not going to work out and that we should start looking for a place of our own. Since I am an animal lover and was the owner of one horse and one dog at that time, finding a home that also had a small amount of acreage was also necessary to accommodate us all. Generating and evaluating alternative solutions (steps 2 and 3 in the decision making process) was really not an option for us as we knew exactly what we would have to do if we were to obtain the right place for all of us to live.The only alternative solution in this situation would have been to rent a large piece of property with a larger home and we had come to a point in our lives where purchasing seemed like the better investment. Step 4 in the decision making process is, making the choice. We searched around for ju st the right place to purchase. It took several months of searching before we happened upon the home we ultimately chose. The house wasn’t quite as big as we were hoping for but we thought we could build an addition and do some remodeling to make it perfect.The property attached to the house was large enough to house my horse and our dog, and for my son to play. The decision was made, we were purchasing this house. Step 5 in the process is implementing the decision. After the decision was made to purchase our new home, we set up meetings and appointments with the realtor, our bank and our lawyer to finalize paperwork on the loan and other necessities. All paperwork was signed and keys were handed over to us about a month later. Once the house was ours we quickly made the necessary changes so that it would accommodate our entire family, by adding an extra room and re-painting the entire house.We built a barn to house the horse and put in a shed for storage. We thought it was p erfect. Step 6 in the process is evaluating the decision. Shortly after purchasing our home and property everything was going well, and this continued for many years to come, even though it was probably more work than we had initially expected, we were happy with our decision. Living in the country on our own farm with barely a neighbor to be seen was definitely the way to go. Looking back on this decision some 10 years later, I still believe I made the right decision even though my life has completely changed since that time.The house and property suited us very well up until about 4 years ago after my divorce. I see now that the house is not nearly large enough for my even larger family. Since my divorce I have had two more children and am getting re-married and this home is not nearly large enough for five people, especially if we have guests over for holidays or birthdays. We are currently in the decision making process once again, that being the possible purchase of yet another , larger, home and more acreage as the number of farm animals has grown over the past 10 years as well.Having the information that I do now, in our readings, I am going to go through the steps one by one and be sure that my ultimate decision will be the right one and that this new place (if we purchase one) will be perfect for more than 10 years. References Bateman, T. S. , & Snell, S. A. (2010). Management: leading & collaborating in a competitive world (9th ed. ). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Egypt & Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia was a continent in Africa. It’s between the Persian Gulf and the Medertian Sea, surrounding the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Egypt is also a continent in Africa it is near the Nile River. Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of geography because Egypt’s geography had Mesoamerica the Tigris, and Euphrates rivers and the Nile River, as well as annual Nile flooding. On the other hand Mesopotamia’s geography had Mesopotamia the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and river valleys. Mesopotamia was a region of the Middle East, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that today are a part of Iraq.The Greek word meso meaning â€Å"between† and potams meaning â€Å"river†, also known as the Fertile Crescent. This area was home to numerous things. Civilizations, plus revolutionized agriculture, city planning, and written alphabet. Egypt was a narrow strip of land along the Nile River. Each year the Nile River would floods leaving behind a fertile fringe of soil. They called it â€Å"the black land† and the deserts all around the Nile were called â€Å"the red land†. Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of cities and states since Egypt had Babylon, Assyrian, and Nubian Kingdom of Ta-sati Persian rue in Egypt pharaoh.And Mesopotamia’s cities and states had Tikal, Sumer, Ur Nubian kingdom of Kush, roman conquest, and Nobel sudden. Mesopotamia was established by the Sumerians by the middle of the 4th millennium B. C. Egypt was founded around 3000 B. C. E when Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt combined into one whole kingdom. Egypt’s history is divided into three parts. Old kingdoms, middle kingdoms, and new kingdoms. During each of these periods’ different dynasties of pharos ruled. Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of interaction and exchange because Egypt had grounds, watermelon, donkeys, and cattle.Mesopotamia had commerce, culture, flower, barley, gourds, watermelo ns, donkeys, and cattle. Mesopotamia is in between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East. It is referred to as modern day Iraq and parts of Syrian, Iraq, and turkey. It’s also known as the cradle of civilization. Many things were invited in Mesopotamia like writing, the wheel, the first laws, the first library, the first cities and much more. Also it’s important because they were not divided in politics or religion. They also believed in their own gods and followed directions of their pharaoh.Egypt and Mesopotamia have a few things in common and some things they have nothing in common. A few things they have in common are they both have a large river system, the Nile river runs through Egypt and the Tigris and Euphrates river runs between Mesopotamia. They also have flooding, hot, and sunny climate. They both have their own alphabet, Egyptians use hieroglyphics and Mesopotamians use cuneiform. Some things the two don’t have in common are tools, diff erent languages, and believed in different things. Egypt & Mesopotamia Mesopotamia was a continent in Africa. It’s between the Persian Gulf and the Medertian Sea, surrounding the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Egypt is also a continent in Africa it is near the Nile River.Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of geography because Egypt’s geography had Mesoamerica the Tigris, and Euphrates rivers and the Nile River, as well as annual Nile flooding. On the other hand Mesopotamia’s geography had Mesopotamia the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and river valleys.Mesopotamia was a region of the Middle East, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that today are a part of Iraq. The Greek word meso meaning â€Å"between† and potams meaning â€Å"river†, also known as the Fertile Crescent. This area was home to numerous things. Civilizations, plus revolutionized agriculture, city planning, and written alphabet. Egypt was a narrow strip of land along the Nile River.Each year the Nile River would floods leaving behind a fertile fringe of soil. They called it â€Å"the black land† and the deserts all around the Nile were called â€Å"the red land†. Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of cities and states since Egypt had Babylon, Assyrian, and Nubian Kingdom of Ta-sati Persian rue in Egypt pharaoh. And Mesopotamia’s cities and states had Tikal, Sumer, Ur Nubian kingdom of Kush, roman conquest, and Nobel sudden.Mesopotamia was established by the Sumerians by the middle of the 4th millennium B.C. Egypt was founded around 3000 B.C.E when Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt combined into one whole kingdom. Egypt’s history is divided into three parts. Old kingdoms, middle kingdoms, and new kingdoms. During each of these periods’ different dynasties of pharos ruled.Mesopotamia and Egypt were different in terms of interaction and exchange because Egypt had grounds, watermelon, donkeys, and cattle. Mesopotamia had commerce, culture, flower, barley, gourds, watermelons, d onkeys, and cattle.Mesopotamia is in between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East.  It is referred to as modern day Iraq and parts of Syrian, Iraq, and turkey. It’s also known as the cradle of civilization. Many things were invited in Mesopotamia like writing, the wheel, the first laws, the first library, the first cities and much more. Also it’s important because they were not divided in politics or religion. They also believed in their own gods and followed directions of their pharaoh.Egypt and Mesopotamia have a few things in common and some things they have nothing in common. A few things they have in common are they both have a large river system, the Nile river runs through Egypt and the Tigris and Euphrates river runs between Mesopotamia. They also have flooding, hot, and sunny climate. They both have their own alphabet, Egyptians use hieroglyphics and Mesopotamians use cuneiform. Some things the two don’t have in common are tools, differe nt languages, and believed in different things.